Microbiocidal oxadiazole derivatives

ABSTRACT

wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, useful as a pesticides, especially as fungicides.

This application is a Divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/765,138, filed Mar. 30, 2018, which is 371 National Stage application of International Application No. PCT/EP2016/073295, filed Sep. 29, 2016, which claims priority to European Patent Application No. 15188238.8, filed Oct. 2, 2015 and European Patent Application No. 16150491.5, filed Jan. 7, 2016, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

The present invention relates to microbiocidal oxadiazole derivatives, eg. as active ingredients, which have microbiocidal activity, in particular, fungicidal activity. The invention also relates to agrochemical compositions which comprise at least one of the oxadiazole derivatives, to processes of preparation of these compounds and to uses of the oxadiazole derivatives or compositions in agriculture or horticulture for controlling or preventing infestation of plants, harvested food crops, seeds or non-living materials by phytopathogenic microorganisms, preferably fungi.

Microbiocidal oxadiazole derivatives are known as insecticidal and acaricidal agents, eg, from CN 1927860. WO 2013/064079, EP 0 276 432 and WO 2015/185485 describe the use of substituted oxadiazoles for combating phytopathogenic fungi.

According to the present invention, there is provided a compound of formula (I):

wherein

n is 1 or 2

A¹ represents N or CR¹, wherein R¹ is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy;

A² represents N or CR², wherein R² is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy;

A³ represents N or CR³, wherein R³ is hydrogen or halogen;

A⁴ represents N or CR⁴, wherein R⁴ is hydrogen or halogen; and

wherein 0, 1 or 2 of A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are N;

R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl and difluoromethyl, or R⁵ and R⁶ together with the carbon atom they share form a cyclopropyl;

R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl; or

R⁷ is C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkoxy, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkoxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, heterocyclylcarbonyloxy phenylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl or phenylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl,

wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy;

R⁸ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₂₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl, C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or

R⁸ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, napthyl, naphthylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterodiaryl, heterodiarylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterodiaryl moiety is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic aromatic system which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, or C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl,

wherein for R⁸, any cycloalkyl, phenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heterodiaryl or heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; or, additionally, when R⁸ is cyclopropyl, the cyclopropyl moiety is substituted by 4 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹, with the proviso that at least 2 R⁹ substituents are the same; wherein

R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino, and wherein when R₈ is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, R⁹ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety; or

wherein for R⁸, any cycloalkyl, phenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heterodiaryl or heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰ and further optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from R⁹; wherein

R¹⁰ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹¹; wherein

R¹¹ is hydrogen, cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and ethoxy;

or

R⁸ represents —OR¹², wherein R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or

R¹² is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S;

wherein for R¹², any cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹³; wherein

R¹³ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyloxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino;

and wherein when R¹² is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, R¹³ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety;

or

R⁸ represents —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, wherein R¹⁴ is hydrogen, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄ alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or

R¹⁴ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkyloxy, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkoxy, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkoxy wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S;

wherein for R¹⁴, any cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹⁶; wherein

R¹⁶ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyloxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl and C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino;

and wherein when R¹⁴ is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkoxy, R¹⁶ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety;

R¹⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl; or

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycle optionally containing an additional heteroatom or group selected from O, S, S(O)₂, oxo (═O) and NR¹⁷; wherein

R¹⁷ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, formyl or acyl; or

a salt or an N-oxide thereof.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the novel compounds of formula (I) have, for practical purposes, a very advantageous level of biological activity for protecting plants against diseases that are caused by fungi.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an agrochemical composition comprising a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I). The composition may further comprise at least one additional active ingredient and/or an agrochemically-acceptable diluent or carrier.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of controlling or preventing infestation of useful plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, wherein a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a composition comprising this compound as active ingredient, is applied to the plants, to parts thereof or the locus thereof.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a compound of formula (I) as a fungicide. According to this particular aspect of the invention, the use may or may not include methods for the treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy.

As used herein, the term “halogen” or “halo” refers to fluorine (fluoro), chlorine (chloro), bromine (bromo) or iodine (iodo), preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine.

As used herein, cyano means a —CN group.

As used herein, amino means an —NH₂ group.

As used herein, hydroxy means an —OH group.

As used herein, carbonylamino means an —N(H)C(O)H group.

As used herein, formyl means an —C(O)H group.

As used herein, acyl means an —C(O)CH₃ group.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain radical consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing no unsaturation, having from one to six carbon atoms, and which is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond. The terms “C₁₋₄alkyl” and “C₁₋₂alkyl” are to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₁₋₆alkyl include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1-methylethyl (iso-propyl), n-butyl,1,1-dimethylethyl (tert-butyl) and n-pentyl. A “C₁-C₆alkylene” group refers to the corresponding definition of C₁-C₆alkyl (and C₁₋₄alkyl and C₁₋₂alkyl), except that such radical is attached to the rest of the molecule by two single bonds. Examples of C₁-C₆alkylene, include, but are not limited to, —CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂— and —(CH₂)₃—.

As used herein, the term “C₂₋₆alkenyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain radical group consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing at least one double bond that can be of either the (E)- or (Z)-configuration, having from two to six carbon atoms, which is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond. The term “C₃₋₆alkenyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₂₋₆alkenyl include, but are not limited to, ethenyl, prop-1-enyl, but-1-enyl.

As used herein, the term “C₂₋₆alkynyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain radical group consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, containing at least one triple bond, having from two to six carbon atoms, and which is attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond. The term “C₃₋₄alkynyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₂₋₆alkynyl include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, prop-1-ynyl, but-1-ynyl.

As used herein, oxo means an ═O group, eg, a ketonyl (—C(O)—), sulfinyl (—S(O)—) or sulfonyl (—S(O)₂—) oxygen.

As used herein, the term “N—C₁₋₄alkylamino” refers to a radical of the formula —NH—R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as defined above.

As used herein, the term “N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino” refers to a radical of the formula —N(R_(a))—R_(a) where each R_(a) is a C₁₋₄alkyl radical, which may be the same or different, as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkoxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The terms “C₁₋₄alkoxy” and “C₁₋₄alkoxy” are to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₁₋₆alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, iso-propoxy, butoxy.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OC(O)R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₄alkoxy radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more hydroxy groups as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)OR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OC(O)R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxy” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)NHR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —C(O)NR_(a)(R_(a)) where each R_(a) is a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylamino” refers to a radical of the formula —NHC(O)R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylamino group as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino” refers to a radical of the formula —NHC(O)OR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino group as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfanyl” refers to a radical of the formula —SR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₁₋₄alkylsulfanyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfinyl” refers to a radical of the formula —S(O)R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₁₋₄alkylsulfonyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfonyl” refers to a radical of the formula —S(O)₂R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₁₋₄alkylsulfonyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylamino” refers to a radical of the formula —NHS(O)₂R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₁₋₄alkylsulfonylamino” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₆alkenyloxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₃₋₆alkenyl radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₂₋₆alkynloxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₂₋₆alkynyl radical as generally defined above. The terms “C₂₋₄alkynloxy” and “C₃₋₆alkynyloxy” are to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy” refers to a C₃₋₆alkenyloxy radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more of the same or different halogen atoms.

As used herein, the term “C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylamino” refers to a radical of the formula —NHC(O)OR_(a) where R_(a) is a C₂₋₆alkynyl radical as generally defined above. The term “C₂₋₄alkynyloxycarbonylamino” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄haloalkoxy” refers to a C₁₋₄alkoxy group as defined above substituted by one or more of the same or different halogen atoms. Examples of C₁₋₄haloalkoxy include, but are not limited to, fluoromethoxy, fluoroethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoroethoxy.

As used herein, the term “cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more cyano groups as defined above. The term “cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl include, but are not limited to cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆haloalkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more of the same or different halogen atoms. The term “C₁₋₄haloalkyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₁₋₆haloalkyl include, but are not limited to fluoromethyl, fluoroethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl.

As used herein, the term “C₂₋₆haloalkenyl” refers to a C₂₋₆alkenyl radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more of the same or different halogen atoms. The terms “C₂₋₄haloalkenyl” and “C₃₋₆haloalkenyl” are to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxy” refers to a radical of the formula —OC(O)R_(a) where R_(a) is a C₁₋₄haloalkyl radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxy radical as generally defined above.

As used herein, the term “hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more hydroxy groups as defined above. The term “hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₄alkoxy group as defined above. The terms “C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl” and “C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl” are to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl include, but are not limited to methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₄haloalkoxy group as defined above. The terms “C₁₋₄halolalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl” and “C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl” are to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₄alkoxy group as defined above, the C₁₋₄alkoxy group itself substituted by a C₁₋₄alkoxy group as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₂₋₆alkynyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₂₋₆alkynyloxy group as defined above.

As used herein, the term “aminoC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by one or more amino groups as defined above. The term “aminoC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a N—C₁₋₄alkylamino group as defined above. The term “N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino group as defined above. The term “N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyl group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl” refers to a C₂₋₆alkenyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyl group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₄alkenyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonyl group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxy group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl”, refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl group as defined above. The term “N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl”, refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl group as defined above. The term “N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl”, refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkylsulfanyl group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfanylC₁₋₄ alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl”, refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkylsulfonyl group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl”, refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylamino group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl”, refers to a C₂₋₆alkynyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylamino group as defined above. The term “C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₄alkynyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylamino group as defined above. The term “C₂₋₄alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₈cycloalkyl” may be mono- or bi-cyclic and contains 3 to 8 carbon atoms. “C₃₋₆cycloalkyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₃₋₈cycloalkyl include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl, 2-methylcyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.

As used herein, the term “aryl” refers to an aromatic ring system consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms which may be mono-, bi- or tricyclic. Examples of such ring systems include phenyl, naphthalenyl, anthracenyl, indenyl or phenanthrenyl.

As used herein, the term “heteroaryl” refers to a 5- or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic ring radical which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.

The heteroaryl radical may be bonded via a carbon atom or heteroatom. Examples of heteroaryl include, but are not limited to, furyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidyl or pyridyl.

As used herein, the term “heterodiaryl” refers to a stable 9- or 10-membered bicyclic aromatic ring system which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The heteroaryl radical may be bonded via a carbon atom or heteroatom.

As used herein, the term “heterocyclyl” or “heterocyclic” refers to a stable 4-, 5- or 6-membered non-aromatic monocyclic ring radical which comprises 1, 2, or 3, heteroatoms individually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The heterocyclyl radical may be bonded to the rest of the molecule via a carbon atom or heteroatom. Examples of heterocyclyl include, but are not limited to, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidyl, thietanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl or perhydroazepinyl.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl” refers to a C₃₋₈cycloalkyl ring as defined above attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond or by a C₁-C₆alkylene radical as defined above. “C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl” is to be construed accordingly. Examples of C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopropylethyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkoxy” refers to a C₁₋₂alkoxy radical as generally defined above substituted by a C₃₋₆cycloalkyl ring as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyl” refers to a —C(O)R^(a) radical, wherein R^(a) is a C₃₋₆cycloalkyl ring as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxy” refers to a —OC(O)R^(a) radical wherein R^(a) is a C₃₋₆cycloalkyl ring as described above.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl” refers to a C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxy group as described above attached to the rest of the molecule by a C₁₋₄alkylene radical as defined above.

As used herein, the term “phenylC₀₋₆alkyl” refers to a phenyl ring attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond or by a C₁₋₆alkylene radical as defined above. “PhenylC₁₋₆alkyl” and “phenylC₁₋₂alkyl” are to be construed accordingly. Examples of phenylC₀₋₆alkyl include, but are not limited to, phenyl, benzyl or 2-phenylethyl.

As used herein, the term “phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy” refers to a C₁₋₂alkoxy radical as generally defined above substituted by a phenyl ring.

As used herein, the term “phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl” refers to a C₂₋₆alkenyl radical as generally defined above substituted by a phenyl ring.

As used herein, the term “phenylcarbonyloxy” refers to a —OC(O)R^(a) radical wherein R^(a) is a phenyl ring.

As used herein, the term “phenylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl” refers to a phenylcarbonyloxy group as described above attached to the rest of the molecule by a C₁₋₄alkylene radical as defined above.

As used herein, the term “naphthylC₀₋₆alkyl” refers to a naphthalene ring attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond or by a C₁₋₆alkylene radical as defined above.

As used herein, the term “heteroarylC₀₋₆alkyl” refers to a heteroaryl ring as described above attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond or by a C₁₋₆alkylene radical as defined above. “HeteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl” and “heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl” are to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “heteroarylC₁₋₆alkoxy” refers to a C₁₋₆alkoxy radical as generally defined above substituted by a heteroaryl group as generally defined above. HeteroarylC₁₋₂alkoxy” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “heterodiarylC₀₋₆ alkyl” refers to a heterodiaryl ring as described above attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond or by a C₁₋₆alkylene radical as defined above. “HeterodiarylC₁₋₆alkyl” and “heterodiarylC₁₋₂alkyl” are to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl” refers to a heterocyclyl ring as described above attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond or by a C₁₋₆alkylene radical as defined above. “HeterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl” and “heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl” are to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkoxy” refers to a C₁₋₆alkoxy radical as generally defined above substituted by a heterocyclyl group as generally defined above. “HeterocyclylC₁₋₂alkoxy” is to be construed accordingly.

As used herein, the term “heterocyclylcarbonyloxy” refers to a —OC(O)R^(a) radical wherein R^(a) is a heteroaryl ring as described above.

As used herein, the term “heterocyclylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl” refers to a heterocyclylcarbonyloxy group as described above attached to the rest of the molecule by a C₁₋₄alkylene radical as defined above.

As used herein, the term “C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl” refers to a radical of the formula —R_(a)NHC(O)R_(b), wherein R_(a) is a C₁₋₆alkyl radical as defined above and R_(b) is a C₃₋₆cycloalkyl ring as described above.

The presence of one or more possible asymmetric carbon atoms in a compound of formula (I) means that the compounds may occur in chiral isomeric forms, i.e., enantiomeric or diastereomeric forms. Also atropisomers may occur as a result of restricted rotation about a single bond. Formula (I) is intended to include all those possible isomeric forms and mixtures thereof. The present invention includes all those possible isomeric forms and mixtures thereof for a compound of formula (I). Likewise, formula (I) is intended to include all possible tautomers (including lactam-lactim tautomerism and keto-enol tautomerism) where present. The present invention includes all possible tautomeric forms for a compound of formula (I).

In each case, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are in free form, in covalently hydrated form, in oxidized form as an N-oxide or in salt form, e.g., an agronomically usable or agrochemically acceptable salt form.

N-oxides are oxidized forms of tertiary amines or oxidized forms of nitrogen containing heteroaromatic compounds. They are described for instance in the book “Heterocyclic N-oxides” by A. Albini and S. Pietra, CRC Press, Boca Raton 1991.

The following list provides definitions, including preferred definitions, for substituents n, A¹, A², A³, A⁴, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶ and R¹⁷ with reference to the compounds of formula (I). For any one of these substituents, any of the definitions given below may be combined with any definition of any other substituent given below or elsewhere in this document.

n represents 1 or 2. In some embodiments of the invention, n is 1, In other embodiments of the invention, n is 2. Preferably, n is 1.

A¹ represents N or CR¹, wherein R¹ is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy.

A² represents N or CR², wherein R² is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy.

A³ represents N or CR³, wherein R³ is hydrogen or halogen.

A⁴ represents N or CR⁴, wherein R⁴ is hydrogen or halogen. and

wherein 0, 1 or 2 of A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are N;

R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl. difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy. Preferably, R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen and halogen. More preferably, R¹ and R² are hydrogen.

R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and halogen. Preferably, R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and fluoro. More preferably, R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen.

A³ may represent CR³, wherein R³ is hydrogen or halogen.

A⁴ may represent CR⁴, wherein R⁴ is hydrogen or halogen.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), at least two of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ may be hydrogen. Preferably, three of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ may be hydrogen, wherein more preferably R², R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen.

In some embodiments of the invention, the 6-membered ring comprising A¹ to A⁴ is a phenyl (where A¹ to A⁴ are C—H), pyridinyl (where A¹ or A³ is N and the other A positions are C—H), pyrimidinyl (where A¹ and A³ are N and the other A positions are C—H), fluorophenyl (where A¹ or A³ are C—F (preferably A³ is C—F) and the other A positions are C—H) or difluorophenyl (where A¹ and A³ are C—F and the A² and A⁴ positions are C—H) group.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is not —OR¹² or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, preferably A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H; A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H and A³ is N; A¹, A² and A⁴ are C—H and A³ is N; A¹, A² and A⁴ are C—H and A³ is C-halogen (preferably fluoro); A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H and A¹ is C-halogen (preferably fluoro) or A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H and A¹ is C-halogen (preferably fluoro); A² and A⁴ are C—H and A¹ and A³ are C-halogen (preferably fluoro); or A³ and A⁴ are C—H and A¹ and A² are C-halogen (preferably fluoro). More preferably, A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is —OR¹², preferably A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, preferably A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H; A¹, A² and A⁴ are C—H and A³ is C-halogen (preferably fluoro); or A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H and A¹ is C-halogen (preferably fluoro). More preferably, A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H.

R⁵ and R⁶ independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl and difluoromethyl, or R⁵ and R⁶ together with the carbon atom they share form a cyclopropyl. Preferably,

R⁵ and R⁶ may be independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl and difluoromethyl, or R⁵ and R⁶ together with the carbon atom they share form a cyclopropyl. More preferably, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl (in particular methyl) and cyano.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is not —OR¹² or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, preferably R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen; R⁵ is hydrogen and R⁶ is methyl; or R⁵ is hydrogen and R⁶ is cyano. More preferably, R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen and n is 1.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is —OR¹², preferably R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen and n is 1.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, preferably R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen and n is 1.

R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl; or R⁷ is C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkoxy, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkoxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, phenylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl or phenylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl; wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy.

Preferably, R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkoxy, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkoxy.

More preferably, R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is not —OR¹² or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, preferably R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, the heterocyclyl moiety is a 5-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy. More preferably, R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, cyclopropyl, (cyclopropyl)methyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl or (2-furyl)methyl, wherein any of said cyclopropyl, phenyl, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl and 2-furyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is not —OR¹² or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, still more preferably R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy or C₃₋₆cycloalkyl. Further more preferably, R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄fluoroalkyl, methoxy, ethoxy or cyclopropyl. Most preferably, R⁷ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, 2,2,2-fluoroethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or cyclopropyl.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is —OR¹², preferably R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy. More preferably, R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy. Even more preferably, R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkoxy, in particular, methoxy.

In the compounds according to Formula (I), when R⁸ is —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, preferably R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl. More preferably, R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂haloalkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, cyclopropyl. Even more preferably, R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxy, and in particular, methyl, ethyl or methoxy.

R⁸ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₂₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl, C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or

R⁸ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, napthyl, naphthylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterodiaryl, heterodiarylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterodiaryl moiety is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic aromatic system which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, or C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl,

wherein for R⁸, any cycloalkyl, phenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heterodiaryl, heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; or, additionally, when R⁸ is cyclopropyl, the cyclopropyl moiety is substituted by 4 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹, with the proviso that at least 2 R⁹ substituents are the same; wherein

R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino, and wherein when R⁸ is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, R⁹ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety; or

wherein for R⁸, any cycloalkyl, phenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heterodiaryl, heterocyclyl, moiety is optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰ and further optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from R⁹; wherein

R¹⁰ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹¹; wherein

R¹¹ is hydrogen, cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and ethoxy.

In some embodiments of the compounds according to Formula (I), R⁸ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl, or C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compounds according to Formula (I), R⁸ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, napthyl, naphthylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterodiaryl, heterodiarylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterodiaryl moiety is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic aromatic system which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl. At least one of C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, napthyl, naphthylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterodiaryl, heterodiarylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl and C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl moieties may be substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl and C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino.

Preferably, R⁸ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₂₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl, C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or R⁸ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, or C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein for R⁸, any of C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; wherein R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino; or wherein for R⁸, any of C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, phenyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰ and are further optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from R⁹; wherein R¹⁰ is phenyl, heteroaryl wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said phenyl and heteroaryl moieties are optionally substituted by a single substituents selected from R¹¹; wherein R¹¹ is cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and ethoxy.

More preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₅haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, aminoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylC₂₋₄alkenyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₄alkynyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl; or R⁸ is C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₄alkyl, phenylC₂₋₄alkenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, or C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl, wherein for R⁸, any of C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₂₋₄alkenyl, napthyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; wherein R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino; or wherein for R⁸, any of C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, phenyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰ and are further optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from R⁹; wherein R¹⁰ is phenyl, heteroaryl wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said phenyl and heteroaryl moieties are optionally substituted by a single substituents selected from R¹¹; wherein R¹¹ is cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and ethoxy.

Even more preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₅haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, aminoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkylcarbonylC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylC₂₋₄alkenyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₂alkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl; or

R⁸ is C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₄alkyl, phenylC₂₋₄alkenyl, napthyl, a heteroaryl-containing moiety selected from furanyl (including furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl), pyrazolyl (including pyrazol-1-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, pyrazol-5-yl), imidazolyl (including imidazol-1-yl, imidazol-2-yl, imidazol-4-yl, imidazol-5-yl), triazolyl (including 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl), 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole, (pyridinyl)methyl (including pyridin-2-methyl, pyridin-3-methyl, pyridin-4-methyl), or a heterocyclyl-containing moiety selected from oxetanyl (including oxetan-2-yl, oxetan-3-yl), pyrrolidinyl (including pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl), azetidinyl (including azetidin-2-yl, azetidin-3-yl), tetrahydrofuranyl (including tetrahydrofuran-2-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl), 1,3-dioxolanyl (including 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl), thietanyl (including thietan-2-yl, thietan-3-yl), 1-oxo-thietan-3-yl, 1,1-dioxo-thietan-3-yl, tetrahydropyranyl (including tetrahydropyran-2-yl, tetrahydropyran-3-yl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl), tetrahydrothiopyranyl (including tetrahydrothiopyran-2-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-4-yl), C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl,

wherein the cycle of each heteroaryl-containing moiety or heterocyclyl-containing moiety is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same of different, selected from R⁹; wherein

R⁹ is cyano, methyl, chloro, fluoro, hydroxyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, C₂-haloalkenyl, methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, carbonylamino; or

wherein the cycle of each heteroaryl-containing moiety or heterocyclyl-containing moiety is optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰ and further optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from R⁹, wherein

R¹⁰ is phenyl or pyridinyl (including pyridin-2-yl), wherein phenyl or pyridinyl is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹¹; wherein

R¹¹ is fluoro, chloro, bromo and methoxy.

In some embodiments of the compounds according to Formula (I), preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- or 5-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N and O, wherein C₃₋₆cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; wherein R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxy.

More preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- or 5-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms which are oxygen, wherein C₃₋₆cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; wherein R⁹ is cyano, fluoro, chloro, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and methoxy.

Even more preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- or 5-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms which are oxygen, wherein C₃₋₆cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; wherein R⁹ is fluoro, chloro, methyl.

Still more preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₄alkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, t-butyl), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, cyclopropyl or heterocyclyl, wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is tetrahydrofuran-2-yl, oxetan-3-yl or 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, wherein cyclopropyl and heterocyclyl are each optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from R⁹, wherein R⁹ is fluoro, chloro, methyl.

R⁸ may represent —OR¹², wherein R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or

R¹² is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S;

wherein for R¹², any cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹³; wherein

R¹³ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyloxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino;

and wherein when R¹² is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, R¹³ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety;

Preferably, R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl. More preferably, R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl. Even more preferably, R¹² is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl. Still more preferably, R¹² is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄chloroalkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, phenyl, benzyl.

R⁸ represents —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, wherein R¹⁴ is hydrogen, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄ alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or

R¹⁴ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkyloxy, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkoxy, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkoxy wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S;

wherein for R¹⁴, any cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹⁶; wherein

R¹⁶ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyloxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino;

and wherein when R¹⁴ is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkoxy, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkoxy, R¹⁶ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety;

R¹⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl; or

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycle optionally containing an additional heteroatom selected from O, S and NR¹⁷; wherein

R¹⁷ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, formyl or acyl.

Preferably, R⁸ represents —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, wherein R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl or C₃₋₈cycloalkyl and R¹⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl or cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl.

More preferably, R¹⁴ is hydrogen, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, or C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, wherein any of C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, phenyl or heteroaryl, are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from R¹⁶, wherein R¹⁶ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl. Even more preferably, R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl. Still more preferably, R¹⁴ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, sec-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propyn-2-yl, 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl.

Preferably, R¹⁵ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl or methoxyethyl. More preferably, R¹⁵ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, in particular, hydrogen.

In other embodiments, R¹⁵ may be hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl or cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl.

R¹⁴ and R¹⁵, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, may form a 5- or 6-membered cycle optionally containing an additional heteroatom which is oxygen.

In some embodiments, for the compounds of Formula (I), preferably n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H, A¹ is C—F and A² to A⁴ are C—H, A¹ and A² are         C—F and A³ and A⁴ are C—H, A¹ and A³ are C—F and A² and A⁴ are         C—H or A¹ is N and A² to A⁴ are C—H;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl         and cyano;     -   R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,         hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl,         C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, cyclopropyl, (cyclopropyl)methyl,         phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, (tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl or         (2-furyl)methyl, wherein any of said cyclopropyl, phenyl,         tetrahydrofuran-2-yl and 2-furyl moieties are optionally         substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from cyano, fluoro,         chloro, bromo, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy,         ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy;     -   R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,         C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, wherein the         heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- or 5-membered non-aromatic ring         which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N         and O, wherein C₃₋₆cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl are optionally         substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or         different, selected from R⁹; and

R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxy.

More preferably in the compounds of Formula (I), n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and         C₁₋₄alkyl;     -   R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄fluoroalkyl, methoxy, ethoxy or         cyclopropyl;     -   R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,         C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, wherein the         heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- or 5-membered non-aromatic ring         which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N         and O, wherein C₃₋₆cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl are optionally         substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or         different, selected from R⁹; and     -   R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl,         C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxy.

Even more preferably in the compounds of Formula (I), n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl,         preferably hydrogen;     -   R⁷ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, 2,2,2-fluoroethyl,         methoxy, ethoxy or cyclopropyl;     -   R⁸ is C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl,         C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, wherein the         heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- or 5-membered non-aromatic ring         which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms which are oxygen, wherein         C₃₋₆cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl are optionally substituted by 1         or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected         from R⁹; and     -   R⁹ is fluoro, chloro, methyl.

In other embodiments, for the compounds of Formula (I), preferably n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl;     -   R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,         C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl or C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyloxy;     -   R⁸ is —OR¹²; and     -   R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl,         C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl.

More preferably in the compounds of Formula (I), n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen;     -   R⁷ is methoxy;     -   R⁸ is —OR¹²; and     -   R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl,         C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl.

In still other embodiments, for the compounds of Formula (I), preferably n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H or A¹, A² and A⁴ are C—H and A³ is C—F;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen;     -   R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,         C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl;     -   R⁸ is —NR¹⁴R¹⁵;     -   R¹⁴ is hydrogen, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl,         C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl,         C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, or C₃₋₈cycloalkyl,         C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein         the heteroaryl moiety is a 5-membered monocyclic aromatic ring         which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected         from N, O and S, wherein any of C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, phenyl or         heteroaryl, are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents         selected from R¹⁶, wherein R¹⁶ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy,         C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy or         C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl; and     -   R¹⁵ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl or methoxyethyl.

More preferably in the compounds of Formula (I), n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen;     -   R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxy,         C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl or cyclopropyl;     -   R⁸ is —NR¹⁴R¹⁵;     -   R¹⁴ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, sec-butyl,         methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propyn-2-yl, 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl,         cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl; and     -   R¹⁵ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.

Even more preferably in the compounds of Formula (I), n is 1;

-   -   A¹ to A⁴ are C—H;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen;     -   R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₂alkoxy;     -   R⁸ is —NR¹⁴R¹⁵;     -   R¹⁴ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, sec-butyl,         methoxy, ethoxy, allyl, propyn-2-yl, 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl,         cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl; and     -   R¹⁵ is hydrogen.

The compound according to Formula (I) may be selected from compound 1.1 to 1.811 listed in Table T1 below, from compound 2.1 to 2.26 listed in Table T2 below, and from compound 3.1 to 3.140 listed in Table T3 below.

The compound of Formula (I) may be a compound according to Formula (IA):

wherein

R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, methyl, methoxy and trifluoromethyl; and

R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and halogen;

wherein at least two of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen;

R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₄alkyl;

R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxy; and

R⁸ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₂₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl, C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or

R⁸ is C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, naphthylC₀₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₆alkyl wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterodiarylC₀₋₆alkyl wherein the heterodiaryl moiety is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic aromatic system which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, or C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl,

wherein for R⁸, any of C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, naphthylC₀₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterodiarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl and C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; wherein

R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino, and wherein R⁸ is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl or heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl, R⁹ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety; or

wherein for R⁸, any of C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, naphthylC₀₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterodiarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl and C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰; wherein

R¹⁰ is C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₂alkyl, phenylC₀₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₂alkyl wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹¹; wherein

R¹¹ is hydrogen, cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy and ethoxy; or

a salt or an N-oxide thereof.

For the compounds of Formula (IA), when R⁸ as a C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, naphthylC₀₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterodiarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl or C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl moiety is indicated as optionally substituted by R⁹ or R¹⁰, the cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, heterodiaryl, heterocyclyl fragment only may be substituted.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), preferably R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen and fluoro. More preferably, R¹ and R² are hydrogen.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), preferably R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and fluoro. More preferably, R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), preferably three of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen, wherein more preferably R², R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), preferably R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen, or R⁵ is hydrogen and R⁶ is C₁₋₄alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl. More preferably, R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), preferably R⁷ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, or sec-butoxy. More preferably, R⁷ is methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or propoxy. Most preferably, R⁷ is sec-butyl, methoxy or propoxy.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), preferably R⁸ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₂₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkynyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl, C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₂alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenylC₀₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₂alkyl wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, or heterocyclylC₀₋₂alkyl wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S; wherein any of said C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₂alkyl, phenylC₀₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₂alkyl and heterocyclylC₀₋₂alkyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹; and R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl.

More preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, C₁₋₆fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₆chloroalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl or C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, or heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹, wherein R⁹ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl; or wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰ which is a phenyl.

Even more preferably, R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₆fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄chloroalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylC₂₋₄alkenyl, C₁₋₂alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₄alkynyl or C₂₋₄alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl; C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₀₋₁alkyl, phenylC₀₋₁alkyl or heterocyclylC₀₋₁alkyl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents which may be the same or different, selected from R⁹, wherein R⁹ is cyano, fluoro, chloro, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2-dichloroethenyl, propynyloxy, acetyl, methoxycarbonyl; or wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected from R¹⁰ which is a phenyl.

In some embodiments of the invention according to Formula (IA) where R⁸ is a group selected from C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, phenylC₂₋₆alkenyl, naphthylC₀₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterodiarylC₀₋₆alkyl, heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl, preferably R⁸ is C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₂alkyl, phenylC₀₋₂alkyl, phenylC₂₋₄alkenyl, naphthylC₀₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₀₋₂alkyl, heterodiarylC₀₋₂alkyl or heterocyclylC₀₋₂alkyl.

In some embodiments of the invention according to Formula (IA) where R⁸ is a group selected from C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl, preferably C₃₋₈cycloalkyl is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.

In some embodiments of the invention according to Formula (IA) where R⁸ is a group selected from phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, preferably, R⁸ is phenyl or benzyl.

In some embodiments of the invention according to Formula (IA) where R⁸ is a group selected from heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl, preferably the heterocyclyl group has 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. More preferably, the heterocyclyl group has a single heteroatom selected from O and S. Most preferable for R⁸ as a heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl are oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, thietanyl or tetrahydrothiopyranyl.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), preferably R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen and fluoro;

-   -   R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and fluoro;     -   wherein at least two of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen,     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen, or R⁵ is hydrogen and R⁶ is methyl;     -   R⁷ is C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxy; and     -   R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, C₁₋₆fluoroalkyl,         C₁₋₆chloroalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄         alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl,         C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆         alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₆alkynyl or         C₂₋₆alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₀₋₆alkyl,         phenylC₀₋₆alkyl, or heterocyclylC₀₋₆alkyl, wherein any of said         cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally         substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents which may be the same or         different, selected from R⁹, wherein R⁹ is cyano, halogen,         hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl,         C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl; or         wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl         moieties are optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected         from R¹⁰ which is a phenyl.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), more preferably R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen and fluoro;

-   -   R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and fluoro;     -   wherein at least two of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen, or R⁵ is hydrogen and R⁶ is methyl;     -   R⁷ is methoxy, propoxy or sec-butyl; and     -   R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₆fluoroalkyl,         C₁₋₄chloroalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄         alkoxyC₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylC₂₋₄alkenyl,         C₁₋₂alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₄alkynyl         or C₂₋₄alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl;         C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₀₋₁alkyl, phenylC₀₋₁alkyl or         heterocyclylC₀₋₁alkyl, wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl,         and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or         3 substituents which may be the same or different, selected from         R⁹, wherein R⁹ is cyano, fluoro, chloro, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl,         trifluoromethyl, 2,2-dichloroethenyl, propynyloxy, acetyl,         methoxycarbonyl; or wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and         heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1         substituent selected from R¹⁰ which is a phenyl.

In the compounds of Formula (IA), even more preferably, R¹ and R² are hydrogen;

-   -   R³ and R⁴ are hydrogen;     -   R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen;     -   R⁷ is methoxy, propoxy or sec-butyl; and     -   R⁸ is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₆fluoroalkyl,         C₁₋₄chloroalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄         alkoxyC₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonylC₂₋₄alkenyl,         C₁₋₂alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfonylaminoC₂₋₄alkynyl         or C₂₋₄alkynyloxycarbonylaminoC₁₋₄alkyl; C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₀₋₁         alkyl, phenylC₀₋₁alkyl or heterocyclylC₀₋₁alkyl, wherein any of         said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl moieties are         optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents which may be         the same or different, selected from R⁹, wherein R⁹ is cyano,         fluoro, chloro, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl,         2,2-dichloroethenyl, propynyloxy, acetyl, methoxycarbonyl; or         wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, and heterocyclyl         moieties are optionally substituted by 1 substituent selected         from R¹⁰ which is a phenyl.

The compounds of the present invention may be enantiomers of the compound of Formula (I) as represented by a Formula (Ia) or a Formula (Ib) when n is 1, wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are different (see below), or indeed when n is 2 and at only one of the two carbon positions bound to R⁵ and R⁶, R⁵ and R⁶ are different.

Likewise, the compounds of the present invention may be diastereomers of the compound of Formula (I) when n is 2, and wherein at each of the two carbon positions bound to R⁵ and R⁶, R⁵ and R⁶ are different.

It is understood that when in aqueous media, the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention may be present in a reversible equilibrium with the corresponding covalently hydrated forms (ie, the compounds of formula (I-I) and formula (I-II) as shown below) at the CF₃-oxadiazole motif. This dynamic equilibrium may be important for the biological activity of the compounds of Formula (I). The designations of n, A¹, A², A³, A⁴, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶ and R¹⁷ with reference to the compounds of formula (I) of the present invention apply generally to the compounds of Formula (I-I) and Formula (I-II), as well as to the specific disclosures of combinations of n, A¹, A², A³, A⁴, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶ and R¹⁷ as represented in Tables 1.1 to 1.29, 2.1 to 2.5, 3.1 to 3.14 and 4.1 to 4.4 below or the compounds 1.1 to 1.811 described in Table T1 (below), the compounds 2.1 to 2.26 described in Table T2 (below), and the compounds 3.1 to 3.140 described in Table T3 (below).

Compounds of the present invention can be made as shown in the following schemes 1 to 14, in which, unless otherwise stated, the definition of each variable is as defined above for a compound of formula (I).

The compounds of formula (I) can be obtained by an amide coupling transformation with compounds of formula (II) and compounds of formula (III) by activating the carboxylic acid function of the compounds of formula (III), a process that usually takes place by converting the —OH of the carboxylic acid into a good leaving group, such as a chloride group, for example by using (COCl)₂ or SOCl₂, prior to treatment with the compounds of formula (II), preferably in a suitable solvent (eg, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran), preferably at a temperature of between 25° C. and 100° C., and optionally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or N,N-diisopropylethylamine, or under conditions described in the literature for an amide coupling. For examples, see WO 2003/028729. Compounds of formula (III) are commercially available or prepared using known methods. For related examples, see: Nelson, T. D et al Tetrahedron Lett. (2004), 45, 8917; Senthil, K. et al Pest. Res. Journal (2009), 21, 133; and Crich, D., Zou, Y. J. Org. Chem. (2005), 70, 3309. This reaction is shown in Scheme 1.

Alternatively, compounds of formula (I) can be prepared from compounds of formula (II) via treatment with triphosgene, in a suitable solvent (eg, ethyl acetate, CHCl₃, or toluene) with heating between 65° C. and 100° C. followed by the addition of suitable nucleophiles of formula (IV), wherein R⁸-Nu is an organometallic (eg, an organomagnesium, organozinc, or organolithium) reagent in a suitable solvent (eg, toluene, diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran) at a temperature between −78° C. and 25° C. For related examples, see Charalambides, Y. C., Moratti, S. C. Synth. Commun. (2007), 37, 1037; Schaefer, G. et al Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. (2012) 51, 9173; Lengyel, I. et al Heterocycles (2007), 73, 349; and Benalil, A et al Synthesis (1991), 9, 787. Furthermore, compounds of formula (I) can be prepared from compounds of formula (II) via treatment with triphosgene, in a suitable solvent (eg, 1,2-dichloroethane, CHCl₃, or toluene) followed by the addition of suitable nucleophiles of formula (IV), wherein R⁸—Nu represents HOR¹⁰ or HN(R¹¹)R¹² in the presence of a suitable base such as triethylamine. This reaction is shown in Scheme 2

Additionally, compounds of formula (I) can be prepared from compounds of formula (V) by treatment with trifluoroacetic anhydride in the presence of a base (eg, pyridine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine) in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran or ethanol, at a temperature between 25° C. and 75° C. For related examples, see WO 2003/028729 and WO 2010/045251. This reaction is shown in Scheme 3.

Compounds of formula (V) can be prepared from compounds of formula (VI) by treatment with a hydroxylamine hydrochloride salt in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine, in a suitable solvent, such as methanol, at a temperature between 0° C. and 100° C. For related examples, see Kitamura, S. et al Chem. Pharm. Bull. (2001), 49, 268 and WO 2013/066838. This reaction is shown in Scheme 4.

Compounds of formula (VI) can be prepared from compounds of formula (VII), wherein Z is Br or I, via metal-promoted reaction with a suitable cyanide reagent, such as Pd(0)/Zn(CN)₂ or CuCN, in a suitable solvent (eg, dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidone) at elevated temperature between 100° C. and 120° C. For related examples, see US 2007/0155739 and WO 2009/022746. This reaction is shown in Scheme 5.

Compounds of formula (VII), wherein the N—R⁷ bond contains a directly linked —CH₂ segment, can be prepared from compounds of formula (VIII), wherein Z is Br or I, via a base-promoted reaction (eg, sodium hydride) with a suitable alkylating reagent (eg, methyl iodide or propyl iodide), in a suitable solvent (eg, dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidone) at elevated temperature between 100° C. and 120° C. This reaction is shown in Scheme 6.

Compounds of formula (II), wherein n is preferably 0 and R⁶ is hydrogen, can be prepared from carbonyl compounds of formula (IX), starting with treatment by compounds of formula (X), wherein R^(PG) is tert-butylsulfinamide, optionally in the presence of an activating reagent (eg, Ti(OEt)₄), in a suitable solvent, (eg, tetrahydrofuran) at a temperature between 60° C. and 75° C. and followed by the addition of a reagent of formula (XI), such as an alkyl Grignard reagent (eg. alkylMgBr), Me₃SiCN, or a metal hydride (eg, NaBH₄, NaBH₃CN, or LiAlH₄), in a suitable solvent, (eg, tetrahydrofuran or ethanol) at temperatures between 0° C. and 25° C. Removal of the tert-butanesulfinyl group with concomitant liberation of amine compounds of formula (II) occurs upon treatment with methanolic HCl. For related examples, see Cogan, D., Ellman J. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1999), 121, 268. This reaction is shown in Scheme 7.

Alternatively, compounds of formula (II), wherein n is preferably 1, can be prepared from compounds of formula (XIII), wherein X is Cl or Br, by treatment with amines of formula (XII), wherein Y is tert-butylcarboxylate, in a suitable solvent (eg, tetrahydrofuran) at a temperature between 25° C. and 60° C. Removal of the tert-butylcarboxylate groups with concomitant liberation of benzylamines of formula (II) occurs upon treatment with HCl or trifluoroacetic acid in a suitable solvent (eg, dioxane or MeOH). For related examples, see Miyawaki, K. et al Heterocycles (2001), 54, 887, WO 2003/028729, and WO 2013/066839. This reaction is shown in Scheme 8.

Compounds of formula (XIII), wherein n is 1, can be prepared from compounds of formula (XIV), wherein X is Cl or Br, by treatment with a halogen source (eg, N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) or N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS)) and a radical initiator (eg, (PhCO₂)₂ or azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)) in a suitable solvent, such as tetrachloromethane, at temperatures between 55° and 100° C. in the presence of ultraviolet light. For related examples, see Liu, S. et al Synthesis (2001), 14, 2078 and Kompella, A. et al Org. Proc. Res. Dev. (2012), 16, 1794. This reaction is shown in Scheme 9.

The compounds of formula (VII) can be obtained by an amide coupling transformation with compounds of formula (XV) and compounds of formula (III) by activating the carboxylic acid function of the compounds of formula (III), a process that usually takes place by converting the —OH of the carboxylic acid into a good leaving group, such as a chloride group, for example by using (COCl)₂ or SOCl₂, prior to treatment with the compounds of formula (XV), preferably in a suitable solvent (eg, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran), preferably at a temperature of between 25° C. and 100° C., and optionally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or N,N-diisopropylethylamine, or under conditions described in the literature for an amide coupling. For examples, see WO 2003/028729. Compounds of formula (III) are commercially available or prepared using known methods. For related examples, see: Nelson, T. D et al Tetrahedron Lett. (2004), 45, 8917; Senthil, K. et al Pest. Res. Journal (2009), 21, 133; and Crich, D., Zou, Y. J. Org. Chem. (2005), 70, 3309. This reaction is shown in Scheme 10.

Furthermore, compounds of formula (VII), wherein Z is Br, I, or CN and R⁸ may also be OR¹² or NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁵ is not hydrogen and n is preferably 1, can be prepared from compounds of formula (XVIII), wherein X is Cl, Br or I, via treatment with amides of formula (XVII), wherein Y is tert-butylcarboxylate, in the presence of a suitable base, such as NaH, in a suitable solvent, such as dimethylformamide, at a temperature between 0° C. and 100° C. In some cases, a better reaction performance may be gained from the use of a catalyst (eg, NaI or 4-dimethylaminopyridine) and with microwave irradiation. Removal of the tert-butylcarboxylate groups with concomitant liberation of benzylamides of formula (VIII) occurs upon treatment with HCl or trifluoroacetic acid in a suitable solvent (eg, dioxane, dichloromethane or MeOH). For related examples, see Miyawaki, K. et al Heterocycles (2001), 54, 887. This reaction is shown in Scheme 11.

Compounds of formula (XVIII), wherein Z is Br, I, or CN and X is Cl or Br and n is preferably 1, are either commercially available or can be prepared from compounds of formula (XIX), by treatment with a halogen source, (eg, N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) or N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS)) and a radical initiator, such as (PhCO₂)₂ or azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), in the presence of ultraviolet light, in a suitable solvent, such as tetrachloromethane, at temperatures between 55° C. and 100° C. For related examples, see Liu, S. et al Synthesis (2001), 14, 2078 and Kompella, A. et al Org. Proc. Res. Dev. (2012), 16, 1794. This reaction is shown in Scheme 12.

Alternatively, compounds of formula (XVIII), wherein X is Cl, Br, I, or OSO₂Me and Z is Br, I and n is preferably 1, or CN are either commercially available or can be prepared from compounds of formula (XX), by treatment with a halogen source (eg, CBr₄, CCl₄ or I₂) in the presence of triphenylphosphine, or with methanesulfonyl chloride (CISO₂Me), in a suitable solvent, (eg, dichloromethane) at a temperature between 0° C. and 100° C. For related examples, see Liu, H. et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. (2008), 16, 10013, WO 2014/020350 and Kompella, A. et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. (2001), 1, 3161. Compounds of formula (XIX) are commercially available. This reaction is shown in Scheme 13.

Compounds of formula (XV), wherein n is 0 or 1, and R⁶ is preferably hydrogen, can be prepared from compounds of formula (XXI), starting with treatment by compounds of formula (X), wherein R^(PG) is a tert-butylsulfinamides or hydrogen, optionally in the presence of an activating reagent (eg, Ti(OEt)₄), in a suitable solvent, (eg, tetrahydrofuran) at a temperature between 60° C. and 75° C. and followed by the addition of an organometallic compound of formula (XI), such as an alkyl Grignard reagent (eg. alkylMgBr) and Me₃SiCN, or a metal hydride of formula (XI), wherein the metal is B or Al (eg, NaBH₄, NaBH₃CN, or LiAlH₄), in a suitable solvent, (eg, tetrahydrofuran or ethanol) at temperatures between 0° C. and 25° C. Removal of the tert-butanesulfinyl group with concomitant liberation of benzylamines of formula (XV) occurs upon treatment with methanolic HCl. For related examples, see Cogan, D., Ellman J. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1999), 121, 268. This reaction is shown in Scheme 14.

As already indicated, surprisingly, it has now been found that the novel compounds of formula (I) according to the invention have, for practical purposes, a very advantageous level of biological activity for protecting plants against diseases that are caused by fungi.

The compounds of formula (I) can be used in the agricultural sector and related fields of use, e.g., as active ingredients for controlling plant pests or on non-living materials for the control of spoilage microorganisms or organisms potentially harmful to man. The novel compounds are distinguished by excellent activity at low rates of application, by being well tolerated by plants and by being environmentally safe. They have very useful curative, preventive and systemic properties and can be used for protecting numerous cultivated plants. The compounds of formula I can be used to inhibit or destroy the pests that occur on plants or parts of plants (fruit, blossoms, leaves, stems, tubers, roots) of different crops of useful plants, while at the same time protecting also those parts of the plants that grow later, e.g., from phytopathogenic microorganisms.

The present invention further relates to a method for controlling or preventing infestation of plants or plant propagation material and/or harvested food crops susceptible to microbial attack by treating plants or plant propagation material and/or harvested food crops wherein an effective amount a compound of formula (I) is applied to the plants, to parts thereof or the locus thereof.

It is also possible to use compounds of formula (I) as fungicide. The term “fungicide” as used herein means a compound that controls, modifies, or prevents the growth of fungi. The term “fungicidally effective amount” means the quantity of such a compound or combination of such compounds that is capable of producing an effect on the growth of fungi. Controlling or modifying effects include all deviation from natural development, such as killing, retardation and the like, and prevention includes barrier or other defensive formation in or on a plant to prevent fungal infection.

It may also be possible to use compounds of formula (I) as dressing agents for the treatment of plant propagation material, e.g., seed, such as fruits, tubers or grains, or plant cuttings, for the protection against fungal infections as well as against phytopathogenic fungi occurring in the soil. The propagation material can be treated with a composition comprising a compound of formula (I) before planting: seed, for example, can be dressed before being sown. The active compounds of formula (I) can also be applied to grains (coating), either by impregnating the seeds in a liquid formulation or by coating them with a solid formulation. The composition can also be applied to the planting site when the propagation material is being planted, for example, to the seed furrow during sowing. The invention relates also to such methods of treating plant propagation material and to the plant propagation material so treated.

Furthermore, the compounds of formula (I) can be used for controlling fungi in related areas, for example in the protection of technical materials, including wood and wood related technical products, in food storage, in hygiene management.

In addition, the invention could be used to protect non-living materials from fungal attack, e.g. lumber, wall boards and paint.

The compounds of formula (I) are for example, effective against fungi and fungal vectors of disease as well as phytopathogenic bacteria and viruses. These fungi and fungal vectors of disease as well as phytopathogenic bacteria and viruses are for example:

Absidia corymbifera, Alternaria spp, Aphanomyces spp, Ascochyta spp, Aspergillus spp. including A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. niger, A. terrus, Aureobasidium spp. including A. pullulans, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Blumeria graminis, Bremia lactucae, Botryosphaeria spp. including B. dothidea, B. obtusa, Botrytis spp. inclusing B. cinerea, Candida spp. including C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, Cephaloascus fragrans, Ceratocystis spp, Cercospora spp. including C. arachidicola, Cercosporidium personatum, Cladosporium spp, Claviceps purpurea, Coccidioides immitis, Cochliobolus spp, Colletotrichum spp. including C. musae, Cryptococcus neoformans, Diaporthe spp, Didymella spp, Drechslera spp, Elsinoe spp, Epidermophyton spp, Erwinia amylovora, Erysiphe spp. including E. cichoracearum, Eutypa lata, Fusarium spp. including F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. langsethiae, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. subglutinans, F. solani, Gaeumannomyces graminis, Gibberella fujikuroi, Gloeodes pomigena, Gloeosporium musarum, Glomerella cingulate, Guignardia bidwellii, Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae, Helminthosporium spp, Hemileia spp, Histoplasma spp. including H. capsulatum, Laetisaria fuciformis, Leptographium lindbergi, Leveillula taurica, Lophodermium seditiosum, Microdochium nivale, Microsporum spp, Monilinia spp, Mucor spp, Mycosphaerella spp. including M. graminicola, M. pomi, Oncobasidium theobromaeon, Ophiostoma piceae, Paracoccidioides spp, Penicillium spp. including P. digitatum, P. italicum, Petriellidium spp, Peronosclerospora spp. Including P. maydis, P. philippinensis and P. sorghi, Peronospora spp, Phaeosphaeria nodorum, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phellinus igniarus, Phialophora spp, Phoma spp, Phomopsis viticola, Phytophthora spp. including P. infestans, Plasmopara spp. including P. halstedii, P. viticola, Pleospora spp., Podosphaera spp. including P. leucotricha, Polymyxa graminis, Polymyxa betae, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, Pseudomonas spp, Pseudoperonospora spp. including P. cubensis, P. humuli, Pseudopeziza tracheiphila, Puccinia Spp. including P. hordei, P. recondita, P. striiformis, P. triticina, Pyrenopeziza spp, Pyrenophora spp, Pyricularia spp. including P. oryzae, Pythium spp. including P. ultimum, Ramularia spp, Rhizoctonia spp, Rhizomucor pusillus, Rhizopus arrhizus, Rhynchosporium spp, Scedosporium spp. including S. apiospermum and S. prolificans, Schizothyrium pomi, Sclerotinia spp, Sclerotium spp, Septoria spp, including S. nodorum, S. tritici, Sphaerotheca macularis, Sphaerotheca fusca (Sphaerotheca fuliginea), Sporothorix spp, Stagonospora nodorum, Stemphylium spp., Stereum hirsutum, Thanatephorus cucumeris, Thielaviopsis basicola, Tilletia spp, Trichoderma spp. including T. harzianum, T. pseudokoningii, T. viride, Trichophyton spp, Typhula spp, Uncinula necator, Urocystis spp, Ustilago spp, Venturia spp. including V. inaequalis, Verticillium spp, and Xanthomonas spp.

The compounds of formula (I) may be used for example on turf, ornamentals, such as flowers, shrubs, broad-leaved trees or evergreens, for example conifers, as well as for tree injection, pest management and the like.

Within the scope of present invention, target crops and/or useful plants to be protected typically comprise perennial and annual crops, such as berry plants for example blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, raspberries and strawberries; cereals for example barley, maize (corn), millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum triticale and wheat; fibre plants for example cotton, flax, hemp, jute and sisal; field crops for example sugar and fodder beet, coffee, hops, mustard, oilseed rape (canola), poppy, sugar cane, sunflower, tea and tobacco; fruit trees for example apple, apricot, avocado, banana, cherry, citrus, nectarine, peach, pear and plum; grasses for example Bermuda grass, bluegrass, bentgrass, centipede grass, fescue, ryegrass, St. Augustine grass and Zoysia grass; herbs such as basil, borage, chives, coriander, lavender, lovage, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme; legumes for example beans, lentils, peas and soya beans; nuts for example almond, cashew, ground nut, hazelnut, peanut, pecan, pistachio and walnut; palms for example oil palm; ornamentals for example flowers, shrubs and trees; other trees, for example cacao, coconut, olive and rubber; vegetables for example asparagus, aubergine, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cucumber, garlic, lettuce, marrow, melon, okra, onion, pepper, potato, pumpkin, rhubarb, spinach and tomato; and vines for example grapes.

The term “useful plants” is to be understood as also including useful plants that have been rendered tolerant to herbicides like bromoxynil or classes of herbicides (such as, for example, HPPD inhibitors, ALS inhibitors, for example primisulfuron, prosulfuron and trifloxysulfuron, EPSPS (5-enol-pyrovyl-shikimate-3-phosphate-synthase) inhibitors, GS (glutamine synthetase) inhibitors or PPO (protoporphyrinogen-oxidase) inhibitors) as a result of conventional methods of breeding or genetic engineering. An example of a crop that has been rendered tolerant to imidazolinones, e.g. imazamox, by conventional methods of breeding (mutagenesis) is Clearfield® summer rape (Canola). Examples of crops that have been rendered tolerant to herbicides or classes of herbicides by genetic engineering methods include glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant maize varieties commercially available under the trade names RoundupReady®, Herculex I® and LibertyLink®.

The term “useful plants” is to be understood as also including useful plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus Bacillus.

Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a CryIA(b) toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a CryIIIB(b1) toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a CryIA(b) and a CryIIIB(b1) toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9(c) toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a CryIF(a2) toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a CryIA(c) toxin); Bollgard I® (cotton variety that expresses a CryIA(c) toxin); Bollgard I1® (cotton variety that expresses a CryIA(c) and a CryIIA(b) toxin); VIPCOT® (cotton variety that expresses a VIP toxin); NewLeaf® (potato variety that expresses a CryIIIA toxin); NatureGard® Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait), Agrisure® RW (corn rootworm trait) and Protecta®.

The term “crops” is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus Bacillus.

Toxins that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae; or insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as 8-endotoxins, e.g. Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), e.g. Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins of bacteria colonising nematodes, for example Photorhabdus spp. or Xenorhabdus spp., such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus; toxins produced by animals, such as scorpion toxins, arachnid toxins, wasp toxins and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi, such as Streptomycetes toxins, plant lectins, such as pea lectins, barley lectins or snowdrop lectins; agglutinins; proteinase inhibitors, such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors; ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP), such as ricin, maize-RIP, abrin, luffin, saporin or bryodin; steroid metabolism enzymes, such as 3-hydroxysteroidoxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl-transferase, cholesterol oxidases, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers, such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptors, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinases and glucanases.

Further, in the context of the present invention there are to be understood by 8-endotoxins, for example Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), for example Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A, expressly also hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins. Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by a new combination of different domains of those proteins (see, for example, WO 02/15701). Truncated toxins, for example a truncated Cry1Ab, are known. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of the naturally occurring toxin are replaced. In such amino acid replacements, preferably non-naturally present protease recognition sequences are inserted into the toxin, such as, for example, in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into a Cry3A toxin (see WO 03/018810).

Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesising such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 374 753, WO93/07278, WO95/34656, EP-A-0 427 529, EP-A-451 878 and WO 03/052073.

The processes for the preparation of such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above. Cry1-type deoxyribonucleic acids and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 367 474, EP-A-0 401 979 and WO 90/13651.

The toxin contained in the transgenic plants imparts to the plants tolerance to harmful insects. Such insects can occur in any taxonomic group of insects, but are especially commonly found in the beetles (Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera) and butterflies (Lepidoptera).

Transgenic plants containing one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are known and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab and a Cry3Bb1 toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard I® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard I1® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac and a Cry2Ab toxin); VipCot® (cotton variety that expresses a Vip3A and a Cry1Ab toxin); NewLeaf® (potato variety that expresses a Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait) and Protecta®.

Further examples of such transgenic crops are:

1. Bt11 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I′Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) by transgenic expression of a truncated Cry1Ab toxin. Bt11 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 2. Bt176 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I′Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) by transgenic expression of a Cry1Ab toxin. Bt176 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 3. MIR604 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I′Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Maize which has been rendered insect-resistant by transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by insertion of a cathepsin-G-protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic maize plants is described in WO 03/018810. 4. MON 863 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/DE/02/9. MON 863 expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin and has resistance to certain Coleoptera insects. 5. IPC 531 Cotton from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/ES/96/02. 6. 1507 Maize from Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/NL/00/10. Genetically modified maize for the expression of the protein Cry1F for achieving resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects and of the PAT protein for achieving tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 7. NK603×MON 810 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/GB/02/M3/03. Consists of conventionally bred hybrid maize varieties by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810. NK603×MON 810 Maize transgenically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS, obtained from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, which imparts tolerance to the herbicide Roundup® (contains glyphosate), and also a Cry1Ab toxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki which brings about tolerance to certain Lepidoptera, include the European corn borer.

The term “locus” as used herein means fields in or on which plants are growing, or where seeds of cultivated plants are sown, or where seed will be placed into the soil. It includes soil, seeds, and seedlings, as well as established vegetation.

The term “plants” refers to all physical parts of a plant, including seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, stalks, foliage, and fruits.

The term “plant propagation material” is understood to denote generative parts of the plant, such as seeds, which can be used for the multiplication of the latter, and vegetative material, such as cuttings or tubers, for example potatoes. There can be mentioned for example seeds (in the strict sense), roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes and parts of plants. Germinated plants and young plants which are to be transplanted after germination or after emergence from the soil, may also be mentioned. These young plants can be protected before transplantation by a total or partial treatment by immersion. Preferably “plant propagation material” is understood to denote seeds.

The compounds of formula I may be used in unmodified form or, preferably, together with the adjuvants conventionally employed in the art of formulation. To this end they may be conveniently formulated in known manner to emulsifiable concentrates, coatable pastes, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions or suspensions, dilute emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts, granulates, and also encapsulations e.g. in polymeric substances. As with the type of the compositions, the methods of application, such as spraying, atomising, dusting, scattering, coating or pouring, are chosen in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances. The compositions may also contain further adjuvants such as stabilizers, antifoams, viscosity regulators, binders or tackifiers as well as fertilizers, micronutrient donors or other formulations for obtaining special effects.

Suitable carriers and adjuvants, e.g. for agricultural use, can be solid or liquid and are substances useful in formulation technology, e.g. natural or regenerated mineral substances, solvents, dispersants, wetting agents, tackifiers, thickeners, binders or fertilizers. Such carriers are for example described in WO 97/33890.

Suspension concentrates are aqueous formulations in which finely divided solid particles of the active compound are suspended. Such formulations include anti-settling agents and dispersing agents and may further include a wetting agent to enhance activity as well an anti-foam and a crystal growth inhibitor. In use, these concentrates are diluted in water and normally applied as a spray to the area to be treated. The amount of active ingredient may range from 0.5% to 95% of the concentrate.

Wettable powders are in the form of finely divided particles which disperse readily in water or other liquid carriers. The particles contain the active ingredient retained in a solid matrix. Typical solid matrices include fuller's earth, kaolin clays, silicas and other readily wet organic or inorganic solids. Wettable powders normally contain from 5% to 95% of the active ingredient plus a small amount of wetting, dispersing or emulsifying agent.

Emulsifiable concentrates are homogeneous liquid compositions dispersible in water or other liquid and may consist entirely of the active compound with a liquid or solid emulsifying agent, or may also contain a liquid carrier, such as xylene, heavy aromatic naphthas, isophorone and other non-volatile organic solvents. In use, these concentrates are dispersed in water or other liquid and normally applied as a spray to the area to be treated. The amount of active ingredient may range from 0.5% to 95% of the concentrate.

Granular formulations include both extrudates and relatively coarse particles and are usually applied without dilution to the area in which treatment is required. Typical carriers for granular formulations include sand, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, bentonite clays, montmorillonite clay, vermiculite, perlite, calcium carbonate, brick, pumice, pyrophyllite, kaolin, dolomite, plaster, wood flour, ground corn cobs, ground peanut hulls, sugars, sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, sodium silicate, sodium borate, magnesia, mica, iron oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, antimony oxide, cryolite, gypsum, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulphate and other organic or inorganic materials which absorb or which can be coated with the active compound. Granular formulations normally contain 5% to 25% of active ingredients which may include surface-active agents such as heavy aromatic naphthas, kerosene and other petroleum fractions, or vegetable oils; and/or stickers such as dextrins, glue or synthetic resins.

Dusts are free-flowing admixtures of the active ingredient with finely divided solids such as talc, clays, flours and other organic and inorganic solids which act as dispersants and carriers.

Microcapsules are typically droplets or granules of the active ingredient enclosed in an inert porous shell which allows escape of the enclosed material to the surroundings at controlled rates. Encapsulated droplets are typically 1 to 50 microns in diameter. The enclosed liquid typically constitutes 50 to 95% of the weight of the capsule and may include solvent in addition to the active compound. Encapsulated granules are generally porous granules with porous membranes sealing the granule pore openings, retaining the active species in liquid form inside the granule pores. Granules typically range from 1 millimetre to 1 centimetre and preferably 1 to 2 millimetres in diameter. Granules are formed by extrusion, agglomeration or prilling, or are naturally occurring. Examples of such materials are vermiculite, sintered clay, kaolin, attapulgite clay, sawdust and granular carbon. Shell or membrane materials include natural and synthetic rubbers, cellulosic materials, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyacrylonitriles, polyacrylates, polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polyurethanes and starch xanthates.

Other useful formulations for agrochemical applications include simple solutions of the active ingredient in a solvent in which it is completely soluble at the desired concentration, such as acetone, alkylated naphthalenes, xylene and other organic solvents. Pressurised sprayers, wherein the active ingredient is dispersed in finely-divided form as a result of vaporisation of a low boiling dispersant solvent carrier, may also be used.

Suitable agricultural adjuvants and carriers that are useful in formulating the compositions of the invention in the formulation types described above are well known to those skilled in the art.

Liquid carriers that can be employed include, for example, water, toluene, xylene, petroleum naphtha, crop oil, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl acetates, diacetonalcohol, 1,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol abietate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, N,N-dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, diproxitol, alkyl pyrrolidinone, ethyl acetate, 2-ethyl hexanol, ethylene carbonate, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 2-heptanone, alpha pinene, d-limonene, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, gamma-butyrolactone, glycerol, glycerol diacetate, glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, hexadecane, hexylene glycol, isoamyl acetate, isobornyl acetate, isooctane, isophorone, isopropyl benzene, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, mesityl oxide, methoxy-propanol, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl laurate, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, methylene chloride, m-xylene, n-hexane, n-octylamine, octadecanoic acid, octyl amine acetate, oleic acid, oleylamine, o-xylene, phenol, polyethylene glycol (PEG400), propionic acid, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, p-xylene, toluene, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, xylene sulfonic acid, paraffin, mineral oil, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and higher molecular weight alcohols such as amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, etc., ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. Water is generally the carrier of choice for the dilution of concentrates.

Suitable solid carriers include, for example, talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, kieselguhr, chalk, diatomaxeous earth, lime, calcium carbonate, bentonite clay, fuller's earth, cotton seed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, walnut shell flour and lignin.

A broad range of surface-active agents are advantageously employed in both said liquid and solid compositions, especially those designed to be diluted with carrier before application. These agents, when used, normally comprise from 0.1% to 15% by weight of the formulation. They can be anionic, cationic, non-ionic or polymeric in character and can be employed as emulsifying agents, wetting agents, suspending agents or for other purposes. Typical surface active agents include salts of alkyl sulfates, such as diethanolammonium lauryl sulphate; alkylarylsulfonate salts, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; alkylphenol-alkylene oxide addition products, such as nonylphenol-C.sub. 18 ethoxylate; alcohol-alkylene oxide addition products, such as tridecyl alcohol-C.sub. 16 ethoxylate; soaps, such as sodium stearate; alkylnaphthalenesulfonate salts, such as sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate; dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinate salts, such as sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; sorbitol esters, such as sorbitol oleate; quaternary amines, such as lauryl trimethylammonium chloride; polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and salts of mono and dialkyl phosphate esters.

Other adjuvants commonly utilized in agricultural compositions include crystallisation inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, suspending agents, spray droplet modifiers, pigments, antioxidants, foaming agents, anti-foaming agents, light-blocking agents, compatibilizing agents, antifoam agents, sequestering agents, neutralising agents and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, odorants, spreading agents, penetration aids, micronutrients, emollients, lubricants and sticking agents.

In addition, further, other biocidally active ingredients or compositions may be combined with the compositions of the invention and used in the methods of the invention and applied simultaneously or sequentially with the compositions of the invention. When applied simultaneously, these further active ingredients may be formulated together with the compositions of the invention or mixed in, for example, the spray tank. These further biocidally active ingredients may be fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides and/or plant growth regulators.

Pesticidal agents are referred to herein using their common name are known, for example, from “The Pesticide Manual”, 15th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2009.

In addition, the compositions of the invention may also be applied with one or more systemically acquired resistance inducers (“SAR” inducer). SAR inducers are known and described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,919,298 and include, for example, salicylates and the commercial SAR inducer acibenzolar-S-methyl.

The compounds of formula (I) are normally used in the form of agrochemical compositions and can be applied to the crop area or plant to be treated, simultaneously or in succession with further compounds. These further compounds can be e.g. fertilizers or micronutrient donors or other preparations, which influence the growth of plants. They can also be selective herbicides or non-selective herbicides as well as insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, molluscicides or mixtures of several of these preparations, if desired together with further carriers, surfactants or application promoting adjuvants customarily employed in the art of formulation.

The compounds of formula (I) may be used in the form of (fungicidal) compositions for controlling or protecting against phytopathogenic microorganisms, comprising as active ingredient at least one compound of formula (I) or of at least one preferred individual compound as defined herein, in free form or in agrochemically usable salt form, and at least one of the above-mentioned adjuvants.

The invention therefore provides a composition, preferably a fungicidal composition, comprising at least one compound formula (I) an agriculturally acceptable carrier and optionally an adjuvant. An agricultural acceptable carrier is for example a carrier that is suitable for agricultural use. Agricultural carriers are well known in the art. Preferably said composition may comprise at least one or more pesticidally-active compounds, for example an additional fungicidal active ingredient in addition to the compound of formula (I).

The compound of formula (I) may be the sole active ingredient of a composition or it may be admixed with one or more additional active ingredients such as a pesticide, fungicide, synergist, herbicide or plant growth regulator where appropriate. An additional active ingredient may, in some cases, result in unexpected synergistic activities.

Examples of suitable additional active ingredients include the following: acycloamino acid fungicides, aliphatic nitrogen fungicides, amide fungicides, anilide fungicides, antibiotic fungicides, aromatic fungicides, arsenical fungicides, aryl phenyl ketone fungicides, benzamide fungicides, benzanilide fungicides, benzimidazole fungicides, benzothiazole fungicides, botanical fungicides, bridged diphenyl fungicides, carbamate fungicides, carbanilate fungicides, conazole fungicides, copper fungicides, dicarboximide fungicides, dinitrophenol fungicides, dithiocarbamate fungicides, dithiolane fungicides, furamide fungicides, furanilide fungicides, hydrazide fungicides, imidazole fungicides, mercury fungicides, morpholine fungicides, organophosphorous fungicides, organotin fungicides, oxathiin fungicides, oxazole fungicides, phenylsulfamide fungicides, polysulfide fungicides, pyrazole fungicides, pyridine fungicides, pyrimidine fungicides, pyrrole fungicides, quaternary ammonium fungicides, quinoline fungicides, quinone fungicides, quinoxaline fungicides, strobilurin fungicides, sulfonanilide fungicides, thiadiazole fungicides, thiazole fungicides, thiazolidine fungicides, thiocarbamate fungicides, thiophene fungicides, triazine fungicides, triazole fungicides, triazolopyrimidine fungicides, urea fungicides, valinamide fungicides, and zinc fungicides.

Examples of suitable additional active ingredients also include the following: 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (9-dichloromethylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methano-naphthalen-5-yl)-amide, 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid methoxy-[1-methyl-2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)-ethyl]-amide, 1-methyl-3-difluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-dichloromethylene-3-ethyl-1-methyl-indan-4-yl)-amide (1072957-71-1), 1-methyl-3-difluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (4′-methylsulfanyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide, 1-methyl-3-difluoromethyl-4H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [2-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)-2-methoxy-1-methyl-ethyl]-amide, (5-Chloro-2,4-dimethyl-pyridin-3-yl)-(2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methyl-phenyl)-methanone, (5-Bromo-4-chloro-2-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-(2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methyl-phenyl)-methanone, 2-{2-[(E)-3-(2,6-Dichloro-phenyl)-1-methyl-prop-2-en-(E)-ylideneaminooxymethyl]-phenyl}-2-[(Z)-methoxyimino]-N-methyl-acetamide, 3-[5-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-isoxazolidin-3-yl]-pyridine, (E)-N-methyl-2-[2-(2, 5-dimethylphenoxymethyl) phenyl]-2-methoxy-iminoacetamide, 4-bromo-2-cyano-N, N-dimethyl-6-trifluoromethylbenzimidazole-1-sulphonamide, a-[N-(3-chloro-2, 6-xylyl)-2-methoxyacetamido]-y-butyrolactone, 4-chloro-2-cyano-N,-dimethyl-5-p-tolylimidazole-1-sulfonamide, N-allyl-4, 5,-dimethyl-2-trimethylsilylthiophene-3-carboxamide, N—(I-cyano-1, 2-dimethylpropyl)-2-(2, 4-dichlorophenoxy) propionamide, N-(2-methoxy-5-pyridyl)-cyclopropane carboxamide, (.+-.)-cis-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-cycloheptanol, 2-(1-tert-butyl)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-propan-2-ol, 2′,6′-dibromo-2-methyl-4-trifluoromethoxy-4′-trifluoromethyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxanilide, 1-imidazolyl-1-(4′-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one, methyl (E)-2-[2-[6-(2-cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[6-(2-thioamidophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[6-(2-fluorophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[6-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(pyrimidin-2-yloxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(5-methylpyrimidin-2-yloxy)-phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(phenyl-sulphonyloxy)phenoxy]phenyl-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(4-nitrophenoxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-phenoxyphenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-benzoyl)pyrrol-1-yl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(3-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(2-phenylethen-1-yl)-phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(3,5-dichlorophenoxy)pyridin-3-yl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-(2-(3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenoxy)phenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-(2-[3-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)phenoxy]phenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-(2-(4-phenoxypyridin-2-yloxy)phenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(3-n-propyloxy-phenoxy)phenyl]3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(3-isopropyloxyphenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(3-ethoxyphenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(4-tert-butyl-pyridin-2-yloxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[3-(3-cyanophenoxy)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[(3-methyl-pyridin-2-yloxymethyl)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[6-(2-methyl-phenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(5-bromo-pyridin-2-yloxymethyl)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-(3-(3-iodopyridin-2-yloxy)phenoxy)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-[2-[6-(2-chloropyridin-3-yloxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E),(E)-2-[2-(5,6-dimethylpyrazin-2-ylmethyloximinomethyl)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-{2-[6-(6-methylpyridin-2-yloxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl}-3-methoxy-acrylate, methyl (E),(E)-2-{2-(3-methoxyphenyl)methyloximinomethyl]-phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-{2-(6-(2-azidophenoxy)-pyrimidin-4-yloxy]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E),(E)-2-{2-[6-phenylpyrimidin-4-yl)-methyloximinomethyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E),(E)-2-{2-[(4-chlorophenyl)-methyloximinomethyl]-phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E)-2-{2-[6-(2-n-propylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazin-4-yloxy]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate, methyl (E),(E)-2-{2-[(3-nitrophenyl)methyloximinomethyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate, 3-chloro-7-(2-aza-2,7,7-trimethyl-oct-3-en-5-ine), 2,6-dichloro-N-(4-trifluoromethylbenzyl)-benzamide, 3-iodo-2-propinyl alcohol, 4-chlorophenyl-3-iodopropargyl formal, 3-bromo-2,3-diiodo-2-propenyl ethylcarbamate, 2,3,3-triiodoallyl alcohol, 3-bromo-2,3-diiodo-2-propenyl alcohol, 3-iodo-2-propinyl n-butylcarbamate, 3-iodo-2-propinyl n-hexylcarbamate, 3-iodo-2-propinyl cyclohexyl-carbamate, 3-iodo-2-propinyl phenylcarbamate; phenol derivatives, such as tribromophenol, tetrachlorophenol, 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol, 3,5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenol, phenoxyethanol, dichlorophene, o-phenylphenol, m-phenylphenol, p-phenylphenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone; 4,5-dichlorodithiazolinone, 4,5-benzodithiazolinone, 4,5-trimethylenedithiazolinone, 4,5-dichloro-(3H)-1,2-dithiol-3-one, 3,5-dimethyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione, N-(2-p-chlorobenzoylethyl)-hexaminium chloride, acibenzolar, acypetacs, alanycarb, albendazole, aldimorph, allicin, allyl alcohol, ametoctradin, amisulbrom, amobam, ampropylfos, anilazine, asomate, aureofungin, azaconazole, azafendin, azithiram, azoxystrobin, barium polysulfide, benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, benodanil, benomyl, benquinox, bentaluron, benthiavalicarb, benthiazole, benzalkonium chloride, benzamacril, benzamorf, benzohydroxamic acid, benzovindiflupyr, berberine, bethoxazin, biloxazol, binapacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, bithionol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, boscalid, bromothalonil, bromuconazole, bupirimate, buthiobate, butylamine calcium polysulfide, captafol, captan, carbamorph, carbendazim, carbendazim chlorhydrate, carboxin, carpropamid, carvone, CGA41396, CGA41397, chinomethionate, chitosan, chlobenthiazone, chloraniformethan, chloranil, chlorfenazole, chloroneb, chloropicrin, chlorothalonil, chlorozolinate, chlozolinate, climbazole, clotrimazole, clozylacon, copper containing compounds such as copper acetate, copper carbonate, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, copper oxychloride, copper oxyquinolate, copper silicate, copper sulphate, copper tallate, copper zinc chromate and Bordeaux mixture, cresol, cufraneb, cuprobam, cuprous oxide, cyazofamid, cyclafuramid, cycloheximide, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cypendazole, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dazomet, debacarb, decafentin, dehydroacetic acid, di-2-pyridyl disulphide 1, 1′-dioxide, dichlofluanid, diclomezine, dichlone, dicloran, dichlorophen, dichlozoline, diclobutrazol, diclocymet, diethofencarb, difenoconazole, difenzoquat, diflumetorim, O, O-di-iso-propyl-S-benzyl thiophosphate, dimefluazole, dimetachlone, dimetconazole, dimethomorph, dimethirimol, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dinobuton, dinocap, dinocton, dinopenton, dinosulfon, dinoterbon, diphenylamine, dipyrithione, disulfiram, ditalimfos, dithianon, dithioether, dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dodemorph, dodicin, dodine, doguadine, drazoxolon, edifenphos, enestroburin, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, etem, ethaboxam, ethirimol, ethoxyquin, ethilicin, ethyl (Z)—N-benzyl-N ([methyl (methyl-thioethylideneamino-oxycarbonyl) amino] thio)-ß-alaninate, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenitropan, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, ferbam, ferimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumetover, flumorph, flupicolide, fluopyram, fluoroimide, fluotrimazole, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutanil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, folpet, formaldehyde, fosetyl, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furametpyr, furcarbanil, furconazole, furfural, furmecyclox, furophanate, glyodin, griseofulvin, guazatine, halacrinate, hexa chlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, hexachlorophene, hexaconazole, hexylthiofos, hydrargaphen, hydroxyisoxazole, hymexazole, imazalil, imazalil sulphate, imibenconazole, iminoctadine, iminoctadine triacetate, inezin, iodocarb, ipconazole, ipfentrifluconazole, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isopropanyl butyl carbamate, isoprothiolane, isopyrazam, isotianil, isovaledione, izopamfos, kasugamycin, kresoxim-methyl, LY186054, LY211795, LY248908, mancozeb, mandipropamid, maneb, mebenil, mecarbinzid, mefenoxam, mefentrifluconazole, mepanipyrim, mepronil, mercuric chloride, mercurous chloride, meptyldinocap, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metam, metazoxolon, metconazole, methasulfocarb, methfuroxam, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, methyl isothiocyanate, metiram, metiram-zinc, metominostrobin, metrafenone, metsulfovax, milneb, moroxydine, myclobutanil, myclozolin, nabam, natamycin, neoasozin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, nitrostyrene, nitrothal-iso-propyl, nuarimol, octhilinone, ofurace, organomercury compounds, orysastrobin, osthol, oxadixyl, oxasulfuron, oxine-copper, oxolinic acid, oxpoconazole, oxycarboxin, parinol, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencycuron, penflufen, pentachlorophenol, penthiopyrad, phenamacril, phenazin oxide, phosdiphen, phosetyl-Al, phosphorus acids, phthalide, picoxystrobin, piperalin, polycarbamate, polyoxin D, polyoxrim, polyram, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamidine, propamocarb, propiconazole, propineb, propionic acid, proquinazid, prothiocarb, prothioconazole, pydiflumetofen, pyracarbolid, pyraclostrobin, pyrametrostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyrazophos, pyribencarb, pyridinitril, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyriofenone, pyroquilon, pyroxychlor, pyroxyfur, pyrrolnitrin, quaternary ammonium compounds, quinacetol, quinazamid, quinconazole, quinomethionate, quinoxyfen, quintozene, rabenzazole, santonin, sedaxane, silthiofam, simeconazole, sipconazole, sodium pentachlorophenate, solatenol, spiroxamine, streptomycin, sulphur, sultropen, tebuconazole, tebfloquin, tecloftalam, tecnazene, tecoram, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thiadifluor, thicyofen, thifluzamide, 2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole, thiophanate-methyl, thioquinox, thiram, tiadinil, timibenconazole, tioxymid, tolclofos-methyl, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, triamiphos, triarimol, triazbutil, triazoxide, tricyclazole, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumazole, triforine, triflumizole, triticonazole, uniconazole, urbacide, validamycin, valifenalate, vapam, vinclozolin, zarilamid, zineb, ziram, and zoxamide.

The compounds of the invention may also be used in combination with anthelmintic agents. Such anthelmintic agents include, compounds selected from the macrocyclic lactone class of compounds such as ivermectin, avermectin, abamectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, doramectin, selamectin, moxidectin, nemadectin and milbemycin derivatives as described in EP-357460, EP-444964 and EP-594291. Additional anthelmintic agents include semisynthetic and biosynthetic avermectin/milbemycin derivatives such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,015,630, WO-9415944 and WO-9522552. Additional anthelmintic agents include the benzimidazoles such as albendazole, cambendazole, fenbendazole, flubendazole, mebendazole, oxfendazole, oxibendazole, parbendazole, and other members of the class. Additional anthelmintic agents include imidazothiazoles and tetrahydropyrimidines such as tetramisole, levamisole, pyrantel pamoate, oxantel or morantel. Additional anthelmintic agents include flukicides, such as triclabendazole and clorsulon and the cestocides, such as praziquantel and epsiprantel.

The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with derivatives and analogues of the paraherquamide/marcfortine class of anthelmintic agents, as well as the antiparasitic oxazolines such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,478,855, 4,639,771 and DE-19520936.

The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with derivatives and analogues of the general class of dioxomorpholine antiparasitic agents as described in WO 96/15121 and also with anthelmintic active cyclic depsipeptides such as those described in WO 96/11945, WO 93/19053, WO 93/25543, EP 0 626 375, EP 0 382 173, WO 94/19334, EP 0 382 173, and EP 0 503 538.

The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with other ectoparasiticides; for example, fipronil; pyrethroids; organophosphates; insect growth regulators such as lufenuron; ecdysone agonists such as tebufenozide and the like; neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid and the like.

The compounds of the invention may be used in combination with terpene alkaloids, for example those described in International Patent Application Publication Numbers WO 95/19363 or WO 04/72086, particularly the compounds disclosed therein.

Other examples of such biologically active compounds that the compounds of the invention may be used in combination with include but are not restricted to the following: Organophosphates: acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyphos, chlorpyrifos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, demeton, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methyl sulphone, dialifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, dicrotophos, dimethoate, disulfoton, ethion, ethoprophos, etrimfos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fensulfothion, fenthion, flupyrazofos, fonofos, formothion, fosthiazate, heptenophos, isazophos, isothioate, isoxathion, malathion, methacriphos, methamidophos, methidathion, methyl-parathion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, paraoxon, parathion, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phosalone, phosfolan, phosphocarb, phosmet, phosphamidon, phorate, phoxim, pirimiphos, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, propaphos, proetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, pyridapenthion, quinalphos, sulprophos, temephos, terbufos, tebupirimfos, tetrachlorvinphos, thimeton, triazophos, trichlorfon, vamidothion.

Carbamates: alanycarb, aldicarb, 2-sec-butylphenyl methylcarbamate, benfuracarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cloethocarb, ethiofencarb, fenoxycarb, fenthiocarb, furathiocarb, HCN-801, isoprocarb, indoxacarb, methiocarb, methomyl, 5-methyl-m-cumenylbutyryl(methyl)carbamate, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, UC-51717.

Pyrethroids: acrinathin, allethrin, alphametrin, 5-benzyl-3-furylmethyl (E)-(1R)-cis-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-oxothiolan-3-ylidenemethyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate, bifenthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyfluthrin, a-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin((S)-cyclopentylisomer), bioresmethrin, bifenthrin, NCI-85193, cycloprothrin, cyhalothrin, cythithrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, esfenvalerate, ethofenprox, fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, fluvalinate (D isomer), imiprothrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, pyrethrins (natural products), resmethrin, tetramethrin, transfluthrin, theta-cypermethrin, silafluofen, t-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, tralomethrin, Zeta-cypermethrin.

Arthropod growth regulators: a) chitin synthesis inhibitors: benzoylureas: chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron, buprofezin, diofenolan, hexythiazox, etoxazole, chlorfentazine; b) ecdysone antagonists: halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide; c) juvenoids: pyriproxyfen, methoprene (including S-methoprene), fenoxycarb; d) lipid biosynthesis inhibitors: spirodiclofen.

Other antiparasitics: acequinocyl, amitraz, AKD-1022, ANS-118, azadirachtin, Bacillus thuringiensis, bensultap, bifenazate, binapacryl, bromopropylate, BTG-504, BTG-505, camphechlor, cartap, chlorobenzilate, chlordimeform, chlorfenapyr, chromafenozide, clothianidine, cyromazine, diacloden, diafenthiuron, DBI-3204, dinactin, dihydroxymethyldihydroxypyrrolidine, dinobuton, dinocap, endosulfan, ethiprole, ethofenprox, fenazaquin, flumite, MTI-800, fenpyroximate, fluacrypyrim, flubenzimine, flubrocythrinate, flufenzine, flufenprox, fluproxyfen, halofenprox, hydramethylnon, IKI-220, kanemite, NC-196, neem guard, nidinorterfuran, nitenpyram, SD-35651, WL-108477, pirydaryl, propargite, protrifenbute, pymethrozine, pyridaben, pyrimidifen, NC-1111, R-195, RH-0345, RH-2485, RYI-210, S-1283, S-1833, SI-8601, silafluofen, silomadine, spinosad, tebufenpyrad, tetradifon, tetranactin, thiacloprid, thiocyclam, thiamethoxam, tolfenpyrad, triazamate, triethoxyspinosyn, trinactin, verbutin, vertalec, YI-5301.

Biological agents: Bacillus thuringiensis ssp aizawai, kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxin, baculovirus, entomopathogenic bacteria, virus and fungi.

Bactericides: chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, streptomycin.

Other biological agents: enrofloxacin, febantel, penethamate, moloxicam, cefalexin, kanamycin, pimobendan, clenbuterol, omeprazole, tiamulin, benazepril, pyriprole, cefquinome, florfenicol, buserelin, cefovecin, tulathromycin, ceftiour, carprofen, metaflumizone, praziquarantel, triclabendazole.

Another aspect of invention is related to the use of a compound of formula (I) or of a preferred individual compound as defined herein, of a composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or at least one preferred individual compound as above-defined, or of a fungicidal or insecticidal mixture comprising at least one compound of formula (I) or at least one preferred individual compound as above-defined, in admixture with other fungicides or insecticides as described above, for controlling or preventing infestation of plants, e.g. useful plants such as crop plants, propagation material thereof, e.g. seeds, harvested crops, e.g. harvested food crops, or non-living materials by insects or by phytopathogenic microorganisms, preferably fungal organisms.

A further aspect of invention is related to a method of controlling or preventing an infestation of plants, e.g., useful plants such as crop plants, propagation material thereof, e.g. seeds, harvested crops, e.g., harvested food crops, or of non-living materials by insects or by phytopathogenic or spoilage microorganisms or organisms potentially harmful to man, especially fungal organisms, which comprises the application of a compound of formula (I) or of a preferred individual compound as above-defined as active ingredient to the plants, to parts of the plants or to the locus thereof, to the propagation material thereof, or to any part of the non-living materials.

Controlling or preventing means reducing infestation by phytopathogenic or spoilage microorganisms or organisms potentially harmful to man, especially fungal organisms, to such a level that an improvement is demonstrated.

A preferred method of controlling or preventing an infestation of crop plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially fungal organisms, or insects which comprises the application of a compound of formula (I), or an agrochemical composition which contains at least one of said compounds, is foliar application. The frequency of application and the rate of application will depend on the risk of infestation by the corresponding pathogen or insect. However, the compounds of formula (I) can also penetrate the plant through the roots via the soil (systemic action) by drenching the locus of the plant with a liquid formulation, or by applying the compounds in solid form to the soil, e.g. in granular form (soil application). In crops of water rice such granulates can be applied to the flooded rice field. The compounds of formula I may also be applied to seeds (coating) by impregnating the seeds or tubers either with a liquid formulation of the fungicide or coating them with a solid formulation.

A formulation, e.g. a composition containing the compound of formula (I), and, if desired, a solid or liquid adjuvant or monomers for encapsulating the compound of formula (I), may be prepared in a known manner, typically by intimately mixing and/or grinding the compound with extenders, for example solvents, solid carriers and, optionally, surface active compounds (surfactants).

Advantageous rates of application are normally from 5 g to 2 kg of active ingredient (a.i.) per hectare (ha), preferably from 10 g to 1 kg a.i./ha, most preferably from 20 g to 600 g a.i./ha. When used as seed drenching agent, convenient dosages are from 10 mg to 1 g of active substance per kg of seeds.

When the combinations of the present invention are used for treating seed, rates of 0.001 to 50 g of a compound of formula I per kg of seed, preferably from 0.01 to 10 g per kg of seed are generally sufficient.

Suitably, a composition comprising a compound of formula (I) according to the present invention is applied either preventative, meaning prior to disease development or curative, meaning after disease development.

The compositions of the invention may be employed in any conventional form, for example in the form of a twin pack, a powder for dry seed treatment (DS), an emulsion for seed treatment (ES), a flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), a solution for seed treatment (LS), a water dispersible powder for seed treatment (WS), a capsule suspension for seed treatment (CF), a gel for seed treatment (GF), an emulsion concentrate (EC), a suspension concentrate (SC), a suspo-emulsion (SE), a capsule suspension (CS), a water dispersible granule (WG), an emulsifiable granule (EG), an emulsion, water in oil (EO), an emulsion, oil in water (EW), a micro-emulsion (ME), an oil dispersion (OD), an oil miscible flowable (OF), an oil miscible liquid (OL), a soluble concentrate (SL), an ultra-low volume suspension (SU), an ultra-low volume liquid (UL), a technical concentrate (TK), a dispersible concentrate (DC), a wettable powder (WP) or any technically feasible formulation in combination with agriculturally acceptable adjuvants.

Such compositions may be produced in conventional manner, e.g. by mixing the active ingredients with appropriate formulation inerts (diluents, solvents, fillers and optionally other formulating ingredients such as surfactants, biocides, anti-freeze, stickers, thickeners and compounds that provide adjuvancy effects). Also conventional slow release formulations may be employed where long lasting efficacy is intended. Particularly formulations to be applied in spraying forms, such as water dispersible concentrates (e.g. EC, SC, DC, OD, SE, EW, EO and the like), wettable powders and granules, may contain surfactants such as wetting and dispersing agents and other compounds that provide adjuvancy effects, e.g. the ondensation product of formaldehyde with naphthalene sulphonate, an alkylarylsulphonate, a lignin sulphonate, a fatty alkyl sulphate, and ethoxylated alkylphenol and an ethoxylated fatty alcohol.

A seed dressing formulation is applied in a manner known per se to the seeds employing the combination of the invention and a diluent in suitable seed dressing formulation form, e.g. as an aqueous suspension or in a dry powder form having good adherence to the seeds. Such seed dressing formulations are known in the art. Seed dressing formulations may contain the single active ingredients or the combination of active ingredients in encapsulated form, e.g. as slow release capsules or microcapsules.

In general, the formulations include from 0.01 to 90% by weight of active agent, from 0 to 20% agriculturally acceptable surfactant and 10 to 99.99% solid or liquid formulation inerts and adjuvant(s), the active agent consisting of at least the compound of formula (I) optionally together with other active agents, particularly microbiocides or conservatives or the like. Concentrated forms of compositions generally contain in between about 2 and 80%, preferably between about 5 and 70% by weight of active agent. Application forms of formulation may for example contain from 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight of active agent. Whereas commercial products will preferably be formulated as concentrates, the end user will normally employ diluted formulations.

Whereas, it is preferred to formulate commercial products as concentrates, the end user will normally use dilute formulations.

Table 1.1: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of the formula (T-1):

wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy and R⁸ is as defined below in the Table 1.

Each of Tables 1.2 to 1.29 (which follow Table 1.1) make available 149 individual compounds of the formula (T-1) in which n, A¹, A², A³, A⁴, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R⁷ are as specifically defined in Tables 1.2 to 1.29, which refer to Table 1 wherein R⁸ is specifically defined.

TABLE 1 Compound no. R⁸ 1.001 methyl 1.002 ethyl 1.003 propyl 1.004 isopropyl 1.005 butyl 1.006 sec-butyl 1.007 2-methylbutyl 1.008 tert-butyl 1.009 isobutyl 1.010 pentyl 1.011 1-ethylpropyl 1.012 2-ethylbutyl 1.013 2,2-dimethylpropyl 1.014 1,1-dimethylbutyl 1.015 2,2-dimethylbutyl 1.016 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl 1.017 but-2-enyl 1.018 2-methylpropenyl 1.019 ethenyl 1.020 propen-2-yl 1.021 allyl 1.022 1-methylallyl 1.023 2-methylallyl 1.024 1,1-dimethylallyl 1.025 1-methylprop-1-enyl 1.026 but-1-enyl 1.027 3-methylbut-2-enyl 1.028 (E)-1,1-dimethylbut-2-enyl 1.029 but-3-enyl 1.030 prop-2-ynyl 1.031 but-3-ynyl 1.032 but-2-ynyl 1.033 1-methylprop-2-ynyl 1.034 1-methylbut-2-ynyl 1.035 1,1-dimethylprop-2-ynyl 1.036 cyanomethyl 1.037 2-cyanoethyl 1.038 3-cyanopropyl 1.039 1-ethoxymethyl 1.040 1-methoxymethyl 1.041 difluoromethoxymethyl 1.042 1-difluoromethoxyethyl 1.043 1-methoxyethyl 1.044 1-methoxyisopropyl 1.045 1-ethyloxyisopropyl 1.046 1-difluoromethoxyisopropyl 1.047 2-methoxyethyl 1.048 2-(difluoromethoxy)ethyl 1.049 3-methoxypropyl 1.050 4-methoxybutyl 1.051 2-ethoxyethyl 1.052 1-ethoxyethyl 1.053 2-methoxypropyl 1.054 1-(methoxymethyl)propyl 1.055 2-methoxy-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl 1.056 2-methoxyethoxymethyl 1.057 1-acetoxymethyl 1.058 2-acetoxyethyl 1.059 2-acetoxy-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl 1.060 2,2-diethoxyethyl 1.061 2,2-dimethoxyethyl 1.062 hydroxymethyl 1.063 1-hydroxyethyl 1.064 1-hydroxyisopropyl 1.065 2-hydroxyethyl 1.066 2-hydroxypropyl 1.067 3-hydroxypropyl 1.068 2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl 1.069 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propyl 1.070 trifluoromethyl 1.071 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 1.072 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl 1.073 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl 1.074 fluoromethyl 1.075 difluoromethyl 1.076 2-fluoroethyl 1.077 1-fluoroethyl 1.078 chloromethyl 1.079 2-chloroethyl 1.080 2-chloro-1,1-dimethylethyl 1.081 2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl 1.082 2-(ethylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl 1.083 2-(tert-butylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl 1.084 2-(isopropylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl 1.085 acetamidomethyl 1.086 acetamidoethyl 1.087 1-methyl-3-oxo-butyl 1.088 3-methoxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-propyl 1.089 3-methoxy-3-oxo-propyl 1.090 phenyl 1.091 2-chlorophenyl 1.092 2-fluorophenyl 1.093 3-fluorophenyl 1.094 4-fluorophenyl 1.095 3,5-difluorophenyl 1.096 4-pyrimidinyl 1.097 thiazol-5-yl 1.098 oxazol-5-yl 1.099 isoxazol-3-yl 1.100 2-pyridyl 1.101 benzyl 1.102 3-chlorophenylmethyl 1.103 3-fluorophenylmethyl 1.104 2-pyridylmethyl 1.105 cyclopentyl 1.106 cyclohexyl 1.107 cyclopentylmethyl 1.108 cyclohexylmethyl 1.109 cyclopropylmethyl 1.110 cyclopropyl 1.111 1-chlorocycloprop-1-yl 1.112 1-cyanocycloprop-1-yl 1.113 1-fluorocycloprop-1-yl 1.114 1-methylcyclopropyl 1.115 1-trifluoromethylcycloprop-1-yl 1.116 2-cyanocyclopropyl 1.117 2-fluorocyclopropyl 1.118 2-methylcyclopropyl 1.119 2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl 1.120 2,2-difluorocyclopropyl 1.121 2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl 1.122 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl 1.123 2,2-dichloro-1-methyl-cyclopropyl 1.124 cyclobutyl 1.125 1-methylcyclobutyl 1.126 1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutyl 1.127 1-cyanocyclobut-1-yl 1.128 cyclobutylmethyl 1.129 2,2-difluorocyclopropylmethyl 1.130 tetrahydrothiopyran-2-yl 1.131 tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl 1.132 tetrahydrothiopyran-4-yl 1.133 oxetan-3-yl 1.134 3-cyanooxetan-3-yl 1.135 3-methyloxetan-3-yl 1.136 3-trifluoromethyloxetan-3-yl 1.137 oxetan-2-yl 1.138 oxetan-3-ylmethyl 1.139 oxetan-2-ylmethyl 1.140 tetrahydrofuran-2-yl 1.141 tetrahydrofuran-3-yl 1.142 tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl 1.143 tetrahydropyran-2-yl 1.144 tetrahydropyran-3-yl 1.145 tetrahydropyran-4-yl 1.146 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl 1.147 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl 1.148 1-acetylpyrrolidin-2-yl 1.149 1-imidazoyl Table 1.2: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ is fluorine, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.3: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ is chlorine, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.4: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ is methyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.5: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is N, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.6: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R³ is fluorine, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.7: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ and R³ are fluorine, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.8: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ and R² are fluorine, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.9: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 2, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.10: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³ R⁴, and R⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R⁶ is methyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.11: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³ R⁴, and R⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methyl, R⁶ is cyano, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.13: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.14: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is ethyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.15: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is propyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.16: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is isopropyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.17: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is allyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.18: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is isobutyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.19: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is 2-methoxyethyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.20: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is propyloxy, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.21: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is 2-propynl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.22: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is 2-furylmethyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.23: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.24: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is cyclopropylmethyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.25: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is cyclopropyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.26: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is ethoxy, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.27: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is hydroxy, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.28: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, and 35 R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 1.29: This table discloses 149 specific compounds of formula (T-1) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is 2-hydroxyethyl, and R⁸ is as defined above in Table 1. Table 2.1: This table discloses 26 specific compounds of the formula (T-2):

wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy and R¹² is as defined below in Table 2.

Each of Tables 2.2 to 2.5 (which follow Table 2.1) make available 26 individual compounds of the formula (T-2) in which n, A¹, A², A³, A⁴, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷ are as specifically defined in Tables 2.2 to 2.5, which refer to Table 2 wherein R¹² is specifically defined.

TABLE 2 Compound no. R¹² 2.001 methyl 2.002 ethyl 2.003 propyl 2.004 isopropyl 2.005 butyl 2.006 sec-butyl 2.007 tert-butyl 2.008 isobutyl 2.009 allyl 2.010 but-3-ynyl 2.011 but-2-ynyl 2.012 prop-2-ynyl 2.013 2-acetoxyethyl 2.014 2-hydroxyethyl 2.015 2-hydroxypropyl 2.016 2-chloroethyl 2.017 2-fluoroethyl 2.018 3-chloropropyl 2.019 3-fluoropropyl 2.020 4-chlorobutyl 2.021 2-cyanoethyl 2.022 2-methoxyethyl 2.023 2-ethoxyethyl 2.024 2-methoxypropyl 2.025 phenyl 2.026 phenylmethyl Table 2.2: This table discloses 26 specific compounds of formula (T-2) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is allyl, and R¹² is as defined above in Table 2. Table 2.3: This table discloses 26 specific compounds of formula (T-2) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is ethoxy, and R¹² is as defined above in Table 2. Table 2.4: This table discloses 26 specific compounds of formula (T-2) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is hydroxy, and R¹² is as defined above in Table 2. Table 2.5: This table discloses 26 specific compounds of formula (T-2) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, and R¹² is as defined above in Table 2. Table 3.1: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of the formula (T-3):

wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy and R¹⁴ is as defined below in Table 3.

Each of Tables 3.2 to 3.14 (which follow Table 3.1) make available 100 individual compounds of the formula (T-3) in which n, A¹, A², A³, A⁴, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷ and R¹⁵ are as specifically defined in Tables 3.2 to 3.14, which refer to Table 3 wherein R¹⁴ is specifically defined.

TABLE 3 Compound no. R¹⁴ 3.001 methyl 3.002 ethyl 3.003 propyl 3.004 isopropyl 3.005 butyl 3.006 sec-butyl 3.007 tert-butyl 3.008 isobutyl 3.009 pentyl 3.010 allyl 3.011 2-methylallyl 3.012 1,1-dimethylallyl 3.013 prop-2-ynyl 3.014 2-acetoxyethyl 3.015 2-hydroxyethyl 3.016 2-hydroxypropyl 3.017 3-hydroxypropyl 3.018 2,2-difluoroethyl 3.019 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 3.020 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl 3.021 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl 3.022 but-3-ynyl 3.023 but-2-ynyl 3.024 2-cyanoethyl 3.025 2-methoxyethyl 3.026 2-ethoxyethyl 3.027 2-methoxypropyl 3.028 1-methoxy-4-piperidyl 3.029 oxetan-3-yl 3.030 phenyl 3.031 pyrid-2-yl 3.032 pyrid-3-yl 3.033 pyrid-4-yl 3.034 phenylmethyl 3.035 pyrid-2-ylmethyl 3.036 cyclopropyl 3.037 1-cyanocyclopropyl 3.038 1-fluorocyclopropyl 3.039 1-methylcyclopropyl 3.040 cyclobutyl 3.041 cyclopentyl 3.042 cyclohexyl 3.043 cyclopropylmethyl 3.044 cyclobutylmethyl 3.045 cyclopentylmethyl 3.046 cyclohexylmethyl 3.047 tetrahydrofuran-3-yl 3.048 tetrahydropyran-3-yl 3.049 tetrahydropyran-4-yl 3.050 tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl 3.051 tetrahydrofuran-3-ylmethyl 3.052 tetrahydropyran-2-ylmethyl 3.053 tetrahydropyran-3-ylmethyl 3.054 benzyl 3.055 furylmethyl 3.056 1-methoxymethylcyclopropyl 3.057 1-ethoxycarbonylcyclopropyl 3.058 1-hydroxycyclopropylmethyl 3.059 cyclopropyl-1-ethyl 3.060 2,2-dimethylpropyl 3.061 cyano 3.062 1-methylprop-2-ynyl 3.063 1-methylbut-2-ynyl 3.064 1,1-dimethylprop-2-ynyl 3.065 cyanomethyl 3.066 2-cyanoethyl 3.067 3-cyanopropyl 3.068 1-methoxymethyl 3.069 2-methoxyethyl 3.070 3-methoxypropyl 3.071 4-methoxybutyl 3.072 1-methoxyethyl 3.073 1-(methoxymethyl)propyl 3.074 2-methoxy-1,1-dimethylethyl 3.075 2-methoxyethoxymethyl 3.076 1-acetoxymethyl 3.077 2-acetoxy-1,1-dimethylethyl 3.078 2,2-diethoxyethyl 3.079 2,2-dimethoxyethyl 3.08 hydroxymethyl 3.081 2-hydroxypropyl 3.082 2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl 3.083 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl 3.084 trifluoromethyl 3.085 fluoromethyl 3.086 difluoromethyl 3.087 2-fluoroethyl 3.088 2-chloroethyl 3.089 3-chloropropyl 3.090 methoxy 3.091 ethoxy 3.092 propoxy 3.093 isopropoxy 3.094 butoxy 3.095 sec-butoxy 3.096 isobutoxy 3.097 allyloxy 3.098 prop-2-ynyloxy 3.099 ethoxycarbonylmethyl 3.100 methylaminocarbonylmethyl Table 3.2: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ is fluorine, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.3: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is N, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.4: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R³ is fluorine, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.5: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ and R² are fluorine, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.6: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is isopropyl, n is 2, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.7: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶, are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹⁵ is methyl, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.8: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R¹ is fluorine, R¹⁵ is methyl, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.9: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, R³ is fluorine, R¹⁵ is methyl, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.10: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methyl, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.11: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is ethyl, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.12: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is isopropyl, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.13: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is cyclopropyl, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 3.14: This table discloses 100 specific compounds of formula (T-3) wherein A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R¹⁵ are hydrogen, R⁷ is hydroxy, n is 1, and R¹⁴ is as defined above in Table 3. Table 4.1: This table discloses 4 specific compounds of the formula (T-4):

wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methoxy, and R¹⁴—N—R¹⁵ is as defined below in the Table 4.

Each of Tables 4.2 to 4.4 (which follow Table 4.1) make available 4 individual compounds of the formula (T-4) in which n, A¹, A², A³, A⁴, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and R⁷ are as specifically defined in Tables 4.2 to 4.4, which refer to Table 4 wherein R¹⁴—N—R¹⁵ is specifically defined.

TABLE 4 Compound no. R¹⁴—N—R¹⁵ 4.001 pyrolidine 4.002 piperidine 4.003 morpholine 4.004 isooxazolidine Table 4.2: This table discloses 4 specific compounds of formula (T-4) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is methyl, and R¹⁴—N—R¹⁵ is as defined above in Table 4. Table 4.3: This table discloses 4 specific compounds of formula (T-4) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, and R⁶, are hydrogen, R⁷ is ethyl and R¹⁴—N—R¹⁵ is as defined above in Table 4. Table 4.4: This table discloses 4 specific compounds of formula (T-4) wherein n is 1, A¹ is C—R¹, A² is C—R², A³ is C—R³, A⁴ is C—R⁴ and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ are hydrogen, R⁷ is isopropyl, and R¹⁴—N—R¹⁵ is as defined above in Table 4.

EXAMPLES

The Examples which follow serve to illustrate the invention. The compounds of the invention can be distinguished from known compounds by virtue of greater efficacy at low application rates, which can be verified by the person skilled in the art using the experimental procedures outlined in the Examples, using lower application rates if necessary, for example 50 ppm, 12.5 ppm, 6 ppm, 3 ppm, 1.5 ppm or 0.2 ppm.

Compounds of Formula (I) (including those according to the invention) may possess any number of benefits including, inter alia, advantageous levels of biological activity for protecting plants against diseases that are caused by fungi or superior properties for use as agrochemical active ingredients (for example, greater biological activity, an advantageous spectrum of activity, an increased safety profile (including improved crop tolerance), improved physico-chemical properties, or increased biodegradability).

Throughout this description, temperatures are given in degrees Celsius (° C.) and “mp.” means melting point. LC/MS means Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and the description of the apparatus and the method (Methods A and B) is as follows:

The Description of the LC/MS Apparatus and the Method A is:

SQ Detector 2 from Waters

Ionisation method: Electrospray

Polarity: positive and negative ions

Capillary (kV) 3.0, Cone (V) 30.00, Extractor (V) 2.00, Source Temperature (° C.) 150, Desolvation Temperature (° C.) 350, Cone Gas Flow (L/Hr) 0, Desolvation Gas Flow (L/Hr) 650

Mass range: 100 to 900 Da

DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 500

Method Waters ACQUITY UPLC with the following HPLC gradient conditions:

(Solvent A: Water/Methanol 20:1+0.05% formic acid and Solvent B: Acetonitrile+0.05% formic acid)

Time (minutes) A (%) B (%) Flow rate (ml/min) 0 100 0 0.85 1.2 0 100 0.85 1.5 0 100 0.85

Type of column: Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3; Column length: 30 mm; Internal diameter of column: 2.1 mm; Particle Size: 1.8 micron; Temperature: 60° C.

The Description of the LC/MS Apparatus and the Method B is:

SQ Detector 2 from Waters

Ionisation method: Electrospray

Polarity: positive ions

Capillary (kV) 3.5, Cone (V) 30.00, Extractor (V) 3.00, Source Temperature (° C.) 150, Desolvation Temperature (° C.) 400, Cone Gas Flow (L/Hr) 60, Desolvation Gas Flow (L/Hr) 700

Mass range: 140 to 800 Da

DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 400

Method Waters ACQUITY UPLC with the Following HPLC Gradient Conditions

(Solvent A: Water/Methanol 9:1+0.1% Formic Acid and Solvent B: Acetonitrile+0.1% Formic Acid)

Time (minutes) A (%) B (%) Flow rate (ml/min) 0 100 0 0.75 2.5 0 100 0.75 2.8 0 100 0.75 3.0 100 0 0.75

Type of column: Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3; Column length: 30 mm; Internal diameter of column: 2.1 mm; Particle Size: 1.8 micron; Temperature: 60° C.

Where necessary, enantiomerically pure final compounds may be obtained from racemic materials as appropriate via standard physical separation techniques, such as reverse phase chiral chromatography, or through stereoselective synthetic techniques, eg, by using chiral starting materials.

Formulation Examples

Wettable powders a) b) c) active ingredient [compound of formula (I)] 25%  50% 75% sodium lignosulfonate 5%  5% — sodium lauryl sulfate 3% —  5% sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate —  6% 10% phenol polyethylene glycol ether —  2% — (7-8 mol of ethylene oxide) highly dispersed silicic acid 5% 10% 10% Kaolin 62%  27% —

The active ingredient is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording wettable powders that can be diluted with water to give suspensions of the desired concentration.

Powders for Dry Seed Treatment

a) b) c) active ingredient [compound of formula (I)] 25% 50% 75% light mineral oil  5%  5%  5% highly dispersed silicic acid  5%  5% — Kaolin 65% 40% — Talcum — 20%

The active ingredient is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording powders that can be used directly for seed treatment.

Emulsifiable Concentrate

active ingredient [compound of formula (I)] 10% octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (4-5 mol of ethylene oxide)  3% calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate  3% castor oil polyglycol ether (35 mol of ethylene oxide)  4% Cyclohexanone 30% xylene mixture 50%

Emulsions of any required dilution, which can be used in plant protection, can be obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.

Dusts

a) b) c) Active ingredient [compound of formula (I)]  5%  6%  4% Talcum 95% — — Kaolin — 94% — mineral filler — — 96%

Ready-for-use dusts are obtained by mixing the active ingredient with the carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill. Such powders can also be used for dry dressings for seed.

Extruder Granules

Active ingredient [compound of formula (I)] 15% sodium lignosulfonate  2% Carboxymethylcellulose  1% Kaolin 82%

The active ingredient is mixed and ground with the adjuvants, and the mixture is moistened with water. The mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.

Coated Granules

Active ingredient [compound of formula (I)] 8% polyethylene glycol (mol. wt. 200) 3% Kaolin 89% 

The finely ground active ingredient is uniformly applied, in a mixer, to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol. Non-dusty coated granules are obtained in this manner.

Suspension Concentrate

active ingredient [compound of formula (I)] 40% propylene glycol 10% nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (15 mol of ethylene oxide)  6% Sodium lignosulfonate 10% Carboxymethylcellulose  1% silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water)  1% Water 32%

-   -   The finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the         adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which         suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution         with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant         propagation material can be treated and protected against         infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or         immersion.

Flowable Concentrate for Seed Treatment

active ingredient [compound of formula (I)] 40%  propylene glycol 5% copolymer butanol PO/EO 2% tristyrenephenole with 10-20 moles EO 2% 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (in the form of a 20% solution in 0.5%  water) monoazo-pigment calcium salt 5% Silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water) 0.2%  Water 45.3%  

The finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.

Slow-Release Capsule Suspension

28 parts of a combination of the compound of formula I are mixed with 2 parts of an aromatic solvent and 7 parts of toluene diisocyanate/polymethylene-polyphenylisocyanate-mixture (8:1). This mixture is emulsified in a mixture of 1.2 parts of polyvinylalcohol, 0.05 parts of a defoamer and 51.6 parts of water until the desired particle size is achieved. To this emulsion a mixture of 2.8 parts 1,6-diaminohexane in 5.3 parts of water is added. The mixture is agitated until the polymerization reaction is completed.

The obtained capsule suspension is stabilized by adding 0.25 parts of a thickener and 3 parts of a dispersing agent. The capsule suspension formulation contains 28% of the active ingredients. The medium capsule diameter is 8-15 microns.

The resulting formulation is applied to seeds as an aqueous suspension in an apparatus suitable for that purpose.

List of Abbreviations

-   -   AIBN=azobisisobutyronitrile     -   BOP—Cl=phosphoric acid bis(2-oxooxazolidide) chloride     -   CDI=carbonyl diimidazole     -   DCE=1,2-dichloroethane     -   DCM=dichloromethane     -   DIBAL-H=diisobutylaluminium hydride     -   DIPEA=N,N-diisopropylethylamine     -   DMA=dimethylacetamide     -   DMF=dimethylformamide     -   EdCl=3-(ethyliminomethyleneamino)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine     -   EtOAc=ethyl acetate     -   EtOH=ethyl alcohol     -   HCl=hydrochloric acid     -   HOAt=1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole     -   HATU=1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium         3-oxid-hexafluorophosphate     -   min=minutes     -   mp=melting point     -   MeOH=methyl alcohol     -   NaOH=sodium hydroxide     -   NBS=N-bromosuccinimide     -   TFAA=trifluoroacetic acid anhydride     -   THF=tetrahydrofuran

Preparation Examples

Using the synthetic techniques described both above and below, compounds of formula (I) may be prepared accordingly.

Example 1: This Example Illustrates the Preparation of N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-acetamide (Compound 1.1 of Table T1 Below)

Step 1: Preparation of 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzoyl chloride

4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzoic acid (4.00 g, 15.0 mmol) was suspended in dichloromethane (90 mL) DMF (0.01 mL, 0.150 mmol) was added followed by oxalyl chloride (1.46 mL, 16.5 mmol). The mixture was heated at reflux for 2 hours. The mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 4.15 g of 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzoyl chloride as a yellow solid.

Step 2: Preparation of N-methoxy-N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide

A solution of 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzoyl chloride from Step 1 (4.15 g, 14.6 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 mL) was added drop wise at room temperature to a stirred solution of N-methoxymethanamine (1.10 g, 17.5 mmol) and triethylamine (3.10 ml, 21.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (80 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 9:1 to 65:35) to afford 4.12 g of N-methoxy-N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide as a solid. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.97 minutes, 302 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.18 (d, 2H), 7.84 (d, 2H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.40 (s, 3H).

Step 3: Preparation of 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzaldehyde

In a 75-mL multi neck flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer at −78° C. under argon, DIBAL-H, 1.0M in toluene (16 mL, 16.0 mmol) was added drop-wise to a solution of N-methoxy-N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide (4.10 g, 13.3 mmol) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (90 mL). The mixture was stirred two hours at −78° C. and for one hour temperature was let increase to 0° C. Complete conversion observed by LC-MS. The mixture was quenched by drop wise addition of sat. ammonium chloride solution. Precipitation of a white solid occurred. 4 M HCl was added until full solubilisation. The mixture was extracted thrice with ethyl acetate. Combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to afford the crude as beige solid. The crude was subject to flash chromatography over silicagel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 99:1 to 90:10) to afford 2.93 g of 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzaldehyde as a white solid mp: 40-50° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 10.12 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, 2H), 8.05 (d, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.29 (s).

Step 4: Preparation of N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanimine

A solution of 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzaldehyde (0.30 g, 1.1 mmol) in methanol (11 mL) was treated at room temperature with pyridine (0.15 mL, 1.9 mmol) followed by addition of O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.15 g, 1.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature over the weekend, poured on water, acidified with 1 M HCl and extracted trice with ethyl acetate. Combined organics were washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to afford a resin. The crude was subject to flash chromatography over silicagel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 100:0 to 95:5) to afford the title compound as a white solid mp: 55-65° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.14 (s, 1H), 8.11 (d, 2H), 7.73 (d, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.40 (s).

Step 5: Preparation of N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanamine

A solution of N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanimine (0.81 g, 2.89 mmol) in acetic acid (11 mL) was treated at 15° C. with sodium cyano borohydride (0.4 g, 6.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 22° C. for 18 hours until complete consumption of starting material was observed. The reaction mixture was carefully poured in 0.1M NaOH solution. By addition of 1M NaOH pH was adjusted to 12-13. The mixture was extracted four times with TBME. Combined organics were washed twice with water and once with brine then dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced. The resultant green oil was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 99:1 to 70:30) to give 0.60 g of the title compound as an oil.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.09 (d, 2H), 7.53 (d, 2H), 5.33 (S_(br), 1H), 4.12 (s, 2H), 3.50 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.32 (s).

Step 6: Preparation of N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-acetamide

To a stirred solution of acetic acid (0.03 g, 0.49 mmol), EDCI (0.15 g, 0.76 mmol), HOAt (0.03 g, 0.19 mmol) and triethylamine (0.16 mL, 1.14 mmol) in dry dichloromethane (2.9 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen at room temperature was added N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanamine (0.11 g, 0.38 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours and then 1M HCl and dichloromethane were added. The resultant mixture was shaken and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted trice with dichloromethane and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude oil was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 99:1 to 80:20) to give 0.08 g of the title compound as a clear oil.

LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.98 minutes, 316.3 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.09 (d, 2H), 7.47 (d, 2H), 4.86 (s, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.34 (s).

Example 2: This Example Illustrates the Preparation of Intermediate 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

Step 1: Preparation of N′-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzamidine

To a stirred suspension of 4-methylbenzonitrile (35 g, 0.29 mol) in ethanol (220 mL) and water (440 mL) was added at room temperature hydroxylamine hydrochloride (41.1 g, 0.58 mol), potassium carbonate (65.4 g, 0.47 mol) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.22 g, 1.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 4 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with 2N HCl until pH 8. Ethanol was evaporated under reduced pressure. The mixture was filtered, washed with water and dried under vacuum to afford 39.1 g of the title compound. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.23 minutes, 151.0 (M+H).

Step 2: Preparation of 3-(p-tolyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

To a stirred solution of N′-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzamidine (38.7 g, 0.25 mol) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (750 mL) was added TFAA at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 15° C. for two hours and diluted with water. The organic layer was separated, washed successively with sodium bicarbonate solution, ammonium chloride solution and water, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude was subject to flash chromatography over silica gel (750 g prepacked column) with heptane/EtOAc 99:1 to 90:10 to afford 54.1 g of the title compound as clear oil, which solidified after storage.

LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.15 minutes, mass not detected.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.00 (d, 2H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 2.45 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.41 (s).

Step 3a: Preparation of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

A stirred mixture of 3-(p-tolyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (56.0 g, 0.24 mol) and NBS (45.4 g, 0.25 mol) in tetrachloromethane (480 mL) under argon was heated to 70° C. AIBN (4.03 g, 24 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 65° C. for 18 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with dichloromethane and water. Layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude was subject to flash chromatography over silicagel (750 g pre packed column) with cyclohehane/EtOAc 100:0 to 95:5 to afford 44.7 g of the title compound as a white solid mp: 58-63° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.11 (d, 2H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 4.53 (s, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.32 (s).

3-[4-(dibromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole was isolated as by-product as white solid mp: 61-66° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.15 (d, 2H), 7.73 (d, 2H), 6.68 (s, 1H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.34 (s).

Step 3b: Preparation of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole from 3-[4-(dibromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

To a 1:9 ratio mixture of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole and 3-25 [4-(dibromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (10.2 g) in acetonitrile (95 mL), water (1.9 mL) and DIPEA (6.20 ml, 35.7 mmol) was added diethylphosphite (4.7 ml, 35.7 mmol) at 5° C. The mixture was stirred at 5-10° C. for two hours, water and 1M HCl was added and acetonitrile was evaporated under reduced pressure. The white slurry was extracted thrice with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude was subject to flash chromatography over silicagel (40 g prepacked column) with cyclohexane/EtOAc 99:1 to 9:1 to afford 7.10 g of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.11 (d, 2H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 4.53 (s, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.32 (s).

Example 3: This Example Illustrates the Preparation of intermediate N-propoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanamine

A solution of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1.30 g, 4.06 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added drop wise at room temperature to a stirred solution of O-propylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.74 g, 32.5 mmol) and DIEA (6.40 ml, 36.6 mmol) in dichloromethane (6 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was poured onto water and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted trice with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 1:1) to give 0.92 g of the title compound as a clear oil. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.12 minutes, 302 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.09 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 5.70 (s_(br), 1H), 4.11 (s, 2H), 3.59 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 2H), 0.86 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.33 (s).

Example 4: This Example Illustrates the Preparation of intermediate N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]ethanamine

A solution of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1.50 g, 4.69 mmol) in dichloromethane (9.4 mL) was added drop-wise at room temperature to a stirred solution of ethylamine 2 M in MeOH (12 mL, 24.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours.

The reaction mixture was poured into water and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted trice with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 1:1) to give 0.92 g of the title compound as a white solid mp: 102-112° C., LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.66 minutes, 272 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ ppm: 8.01 (d, 2H), 7.57 (d, 2H), 3.86 (q, 2H), 3.29 (s_(br), 1H), 2.53 (q, 2H), 1.05 (t, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −64.77 (s).

Example 5: This Example Illustrates the Preparation of the Intermediate N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]ethanamine

A solution of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1.50 g, 4.69 mmol) in dichloromethane (9.4 mL) was added drop wise at room temperature to a stirred solution of sec-butylamine (2.4 mL, 23.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted trice with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 1:1) to give 1.18 g of the title compound as a clear oil, LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.71 minutes, 300 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.06 (d, 2H), 7.49 (d, 2H), 3.86 (q, 2H), 2.62 (m, 1H), 1.53 (m, 1H), 1.49 (m, 1H), 1.09 (d, 3H), 0.91 (m, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.39 (s).

Example 6: This Example Illustrates the Preparation of the Intermediate N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethanamine

Step 1: Preparation of 4-[(E)-N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]benzonitrile

A solution of 4-acetyl benzonitrile (5.0 g, 33.8 mmol) in EtOH (270 mL) was treated at room temperature with O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.32 g, 50.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 70 hours, poured on water and extracted thrice with dichloromethane. Combined organics were washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to afford 5.95 g of the title compound as clear oil. No further purification was required. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.93 minutes, 175 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.78 (d, 2H), 7.65 (d, 2H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H).

Step 2: Preparation of N′-hydroxy-4-[(E)-N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]benzamidine

To a stirred suspension of 4-[(E)-N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]benzonitrile (5.95 g, 33.5 mmol) in ethanol (50 mL) and water (100 mL) was added at room temperature hydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.7 g, 66.9 mmol), potassium carbonate (7.48 g, 53.6 mmol) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.025 g, 0.17 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and 1M HCl was added until pH 8-9. Ethanol was removed under reduced pressure at 50° C. The mixture was stirred 30 minutes at 5° C., filtered, washed with water and dried under vacuum to afford 6.6 g of the title compound as a white solid mp: 134-139° C., LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.43 minutes, 208 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.23 (s_(br), 1H), 7.69 (d, 2H), 7.62 (d, 2H), 4.88 (s_(br), 2H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H).

Step 3: Preparation of N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethanimine

To a stirred solution of N′-hydroxy-4-[(E)-N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimidoyl]benzamidine (6.46 g, 31.2 mmol) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (93 mL) was added TFAA (6.24 mL, 43.7 mmol) at 15° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 15° C. for two hours and diluted with water. The organic layer was separated and washed successively with sodium bicarbonate solution, ammonium chloride solution and water, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness to afford 8.9 g of the title compound as beige solid mp: 56-61° C., LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.19 minutes, 286 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.13 (d, 2H), 7.81 (d, 2H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 2.25 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.34 (s).

Step 4: Preparation of N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethanamine

A solution of N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethanimine (8.9 g, 29.6 mmol) in acetic acid (119 mL) was treated at 15° C. portion wise with sodium cyano borohydride (4.12 g, 62.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 23° C. for 18 hours. Partial consumption of starting material was observed. Additional cyano borohydride (4.12 g, 62.3 mmol) was added portion wise. The reaction mixture was carefully poured in 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution. By addition of 4 M NaOH pH was adjusted to 9-12. The mixture was extracted four times with TBME. Combined organics were washed twice with water and once with brine then dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced. The resultant green oil was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 99:1 to 70:30) to give 5.0 g of the title compound as an oil. LC/MS retention time=1.05 minutes, 288 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.10 (d, 2H), 7.51 (d, 2H), 5.65 (S_(br), 1H), 4.22 (q, 1H), 3.47 (s, 3H), 1.38 (d, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.37 (s).

Example 7: This Example Illustrates the Preparation of the 1-[cyano-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-3-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-urea (Compound 3.31 of Table T3)

Step 1: Preparation of 2-(methylamino)-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetonitrile

To a stirred solution of 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzaldehyde (2.5 g, 10.3 mmol) in THF (16 mL) was added at room temperature methylamine (0.38 g, 12.4 mmol). After 10 minutes water (51.6 ml) and acetone cyanohydrin (0.8 g, 10.3 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred overnight, poured on water and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed successively with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude was subject to flash chromatography over silica gel with cyclohexane/t-butylmethylether 9:1 to afford 2.1 g of the title compound as white solid.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.17 (d, 2H), 7.72 (d, 2H), 4.87 (s, 1H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 1.62 (S_(br), 1 H).

Step 2: Preparation of 1-[cyano-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-3-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-urea

To a stirred solution of 2-(methylamino)-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetonitrile (0.17 g, 0.60 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen was added at 0° C. triethylamine (0.17 mL, 1.20 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (0.07 g, 0.60 mmol) followed by N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl chloride (0.09 g, 0.72 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature, poured on HCl 1 M solution and extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with 1 M NaOH, brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 7:1 to 5:1) to afford 0.085 g of 1-[cyano-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-3-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-urea as a white solid mp: 106-107° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.20 (d, 2H), 7.67 (d, 2H), 6.57 (s, 1H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.11 (s, 3H), 2.86 (s, 3H).

Example 8: Preparation of N-(oxetan-3-yl)-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide (Compound 1.604 of Table T1) Step 1: Preparation of N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]oxetan-3-amine

To a stirred solution of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (2.0 g, 6.25 mmol) in dichloromethane (13 mL) was added drop wise at room temperature N-ethyl-N-isopropyl-propan-2-amine (1.1 mL) followed by the addition of oxetan-3-amine (3.5 g, 50 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted trice with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 0:1) to give the title compound as a clear oil.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.08 (d, 2H), 7.48 (d, 2H), 4.80 (t, 2H), 4.44 (t, 2H), 4.04 (m, 1H), 3.83 (s, 2H), 2.01 (s, 1H).

Step 2: Preparation of N-(oxetan-3-yl)-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide

To a stirred suspension of N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]oxetan-3-amine (0.10 g, 0.33 mmol) in dichloromethane (6 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen was added triethylamine (0.09 mL, 0.66 mmol) at 0° C. followed by propanoyl chloride (0.03 mL, 0.35 mmol). The reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 9:1 to 1:9) to afford the desired product as a white solid mp: 88.8°-93.5° C.

Example 8: N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide (Compound 1.587 of Table T1)

Step 1: Preparation of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]ethanamine

To a stirred solution of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1.5 g, 4.69 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added drop wise at room temperature N-ethyl-N-isopropyl-propan-2-amine (0.82 mL, 4.69 mmol) followed by the addition of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanamine (2.94 mL, 37.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted trice with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 0:1) to give the title compound as a clear oil.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.09 (d, 2H), 7.51 (d, 2H), 4.00 (s, 2H), 3.22 (q, 2H), 1.71 (s, 1H).

Step 2: Preparation of N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide

To a stirred suspension of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]ethanamine (0.09 g, 0.27 mmol) in dichloromethane (6 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen was added triethylamine (0.08 mL, 0.55 mmol) at 0° C. followed by tetrahydrofuran-2-carbonyl chloride (0.04 g, 0.29 mmol). The reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was subjected to combiflash chromatography over 12 g pre packed silica gel (heptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 9:1 to 1:9) to afford the desired product as a clear yellowish oil. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.14 minutes, 424.3 (M+H).

Example 9: This Example Illustrates the Preparation N-[[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-N,2-dimethoxy-propanamide (Compound 1.783 of Table T1)

Step 1: Preparation of 2-fluoro-N′-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzamidine

To a suspension of 2-fluoro-4-methylbenzonitrile (5 g, 37.0 mmol) in ethanol (125 mL) at 25° C. was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (7.7 g, 111 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure thus affording a white solid that was used in the next step without any purification. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.14 minutes, 169.2 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.96 (t, 1H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 2.45 (s, 3H).

Step 2: Preparation of 3-(2-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

To a solution of 2-fluoro-N′-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzamidine (37 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (122 mL) cooled via an ice bath was added TFAA (7.71 mL, 55.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. overnight and then diluted with water. The organic layer was separated, washed successively with sodium bicarbonate solution, ammonium chloride solution, and water then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude product was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel with cyclohexane/EtOAc 99:1 to 1:1 to afford the title compound (6.6 g, 72% yield) as an amorphous white solid. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.14 minutes, 247 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 2.45 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.3 (s), 108.1 (s).

Step 3a: Preparation of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

A stirred mixture of 3-(2-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4.2 g, 17.1 mmol) and NBS (3.11 g, 17.1 mmol) in tetrachloromethane (34.3 mL) under argon was heated to 70° C. AIBN (0.29 g, 1.71 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture stirred at 65° C. for 18 h. The mixture was cooled to 25° C. then diluted with dichloromethane and water after which the layers were separated. The succinimide by-product was filtrated off, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford a brown gum. This crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (with cyclohexane/EtOAc 100:0 to 4:1 to afford the title compound as a white solid (1.7 g, 31% yield. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.13 minutes, (M+H) not detected.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.09 (t, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 4.49 (s, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.18 (s), −106.2 (s).

3-[4-(dibromomethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole was isolated as by-product in the form of a beige solid (4.0 g, 58% yield) LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.20 minutes, (M+H) not detected.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.14 (d, 1H), 7.52 (dd, 2H), 6.63 (s, 1H).

Step 3b: Preparation of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)-2-fluoro-phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole from 33-[4-(dibromomethyl)-2-fluoro-phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

To a 1:20 ratio mixture of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)-2-fluoro-phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole and 3-[4-(dibromomethyl)-2-fluoro-phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4.0 g, 9.9 mmol) in acetonitrile (37 mL), water (0.8 mL) and DIPEA (2.59 mL, 14.8 mmol) at 5° C. was added diethylphosphite (2.0 mL, 14.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 5-10° C. for 2 h, water and 1M HCl were added, and volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The white slurry was extracted three times with dichloromethane and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant light orange colored crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel with cyclohexane/EtOAc 99:1 to 1:1 to afford 3-[4-(bromomethyl)-2-fluoro-phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (2.2 g, 68% yield). LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.13 minutes, (M+H) not detected.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.09 (t, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 4.49 (s, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.18 (s), −106.2 (s).

Step 4: Preparation of 1-[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine

A solution of O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.9 g, 59 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) was treated dropwise with DIPEA (12 mL, 66 mmol) followed by a solution of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)-2-flurorphenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1.2 g, 3.7 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL). After 18 h, water was introduced (10 mL) and the reaction contents were extracted twice with dichloromethane and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. The resultant residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 1:1) to afford 1-[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine as a colorless oil (410 mg, 38% yield). LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.01 minutes, (M+H) not detected.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.05 (t, 1H), 7.45 (m, 2H), 5.85 (brs, 1H), 4.12 (s, 2H), 3.50 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.21 (s), −107.33 (s).

Step 4: Preparation of N-[[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-N,2-dimethoxy-propanamide

To a stirring solution of 2-methoxy propanoic acid (0.01 g, 0.08 mmol) and HATU (0.03 g, 0.08 mmol in DMF (0.35 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen at room temperature was introduced N-ethyl-N-isopropyl-propan-2-amine (0.2 mL, 1.03 mmol). After 5 minutes, 1-[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine (0.02 g, 0.07 mmol) was added. After 2 hours, ethyl acetate and water were introduced and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic phase was washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness. A crude white gum was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cycloheptane:EtOAc eluent gradient 99:1 to 1:1) to give N-[[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-N,2-dimethoxy-propanamide (0.08 g, 35%) as a clear oil. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.02 minutes, 378 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.06 (t, 1H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 4.96 (m, 1H), 4.83 (m, 1H), 4.28 (q, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.38 (s, 3H), 1.26 (d, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.21 (s), −106.58 (s).

Example 10: This Example Illustrates the Preparation 1-[[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-1-methoxy-3-methyl-urea (Compound 3.45 of Table T1)

To a solution of 1-[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine (20 mg, 0.07 mmol) in DCM (0.23 mL, 0.07 mmol) was added N-methylcarbamoyl chloride (0.012 g, 0.14 mmol) followed by triethylamine (0.02 mL, 0.02 mmol). After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 99:1 to 1:1) to provide 1-[[3-fluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-1-methoxy-3-methyl-urea (12 mg, 50% yield) as a gum. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.97 minutes, 349 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.04 (t, 1H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 5.81 (m, 1H), 4.71 (s, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 2.87 (d, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.17 (s), −107.10 (s).

Example 11: This Example Illustrates the Preparation 2-chloro-N-[[2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-N-methoxy-benzamide (Compound 1.576 of Table T1)

Step 1: Preparation of 2,3-difluoro-N′-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzamidine

To a suspension of 2,3-difluoro-4-methylbenzonitrile (5.0 g, 32.6 mmol) in ethanol (111 mL) at 25° C. was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.5 g, 65.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure thus affording a white solid that was used in the next step without purification.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.30 (m, 1H), 6.95 (m, 1H), 6.50 (brs, 1H), 5.05 (brs, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H).

Step 2: Preparation of 3-(2,3-difluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

To a solution of 2,3-difluoro-N′-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzamidine (2.6 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (108 mL) cooled using an ice bath was added TFAA (6.9 mL, 49 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. overnight and then diluted with water. The organic layer was separated, washed successively with sodium bicarbonate solution, ammonium chloride solution, and water then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude title compound (6.6 g, 72% yield) was isolated as a light brown solid that was used in the next transformation without further purification. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.16 minutes, 265 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.76 (d, 1H), 7.12 (d, 1H), 2.41 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.41 (s), −133.3 (s), −140.1 (s).

Step 3: Preparation of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)-2,3-difluoro-phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

A mixture of 3-(2,3-difluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (6.0 g, 22.6 mmol) and NBS (7.17 g, 10.0 mmol) in tetrachloromethane (79 mL) under argon was heated to 70° C. AIBN (0.68 g, 3.95 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture stirred at 65° C. for 36 h. The mixture was cooled to 25° C., diluted with dichloromethane and water, and the layers were separated. The succinimide by-product was filtered off, and the solvent was removed under vacuum, to afford a brown gum. This crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 100:0 to 4:1) to afford the title compound as a white solid (4.8 g, 72% yield). LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.16 minutes, 344 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.80 (m, 1H), 7.37 (m, 1H), 4.55 (s, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.1 (s), −131.2 (s), −139.1 (s).

Step 4: Preparation of 1-[2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine

A solution of O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.5 g, 42 mmol) in dichloromethane (8 mL) was treated dropwise with DIPEA (8.3 mL, 47 mmol) followed by a solution of 3-[4-(bromomethyl)-2,3-difluoro-phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (2 g, 5.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL). After 18 h, water was introduced (10 mL) and the reaction contents were extracted twice with dichloromethane and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. The resultant residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 1:1) to afford 1-[2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine as a pale yellow oil (1.1 g, 68% yield). LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.03 minutes, 310 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.84 (t, 1H), 7.38 (t, 1H), 5.87 (brs, 1H), 4.20 (s, 2H), 3.52 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.21 (s), −132.53 (s), −147.50 (s).

Step 5: Preparation 2-chloro-N-[[2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-N-methoxy-benzamide

A clear solution of 1-[2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine (0.150 g, 0.485 mmol) and DCM (3 mL) was treated with triethylamine (0.13 mL, 0.970 mmol) followed by 2-chlorobenzoyl chloride (80 mg, 0.51 mmol). After 2 hr, isolute was added to the reaction mixture and volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel with cyclohexane/EtOAc 99:1 to 1:1 to afford 2-chloro-N-[[2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-N-methoxy-benzamide (212 mg, 98% yield) as a colourless oil. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.16 minutes, 448 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.54 (m, 1H), 7.40 (m, 4H), 5.14 (brs, 2H), 3.52 (brs, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.21 (s), −131.98 (s), −141.10 (s).

Example 12: This Example Illustrates the Preparation N-methoxy-N-[[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-pyridyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (Compound 1.570 of Table T1)

Step 1: Preparation of N′-hydroxy-6-methyl-pyridine-3-carboxamidine

To a suspension of 5-cyano-2-picoline (3 g, 25.0 mmol) in ethanol (86 mL) at 25° C. was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (5.3 g, 76 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure thus affording a white solid that was used in the next step without any purification. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.17 minutes, 152 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.75 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, 1H), 7.19 (d, 1H), 4.86 (brs, 2H), 2.63 (s, 3H).

Step 2: Preparation of 3-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

To a solution of N′-hydroxy-6-methyl-pyridine-3-carboxamidine (25 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (84 mL) cooled via an ice bath was added TFAA (5.28 mL, 38.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. overnight and then diluted with water. The organic layer was separated, washed successively with sodium bicarbonate solution, ammonium chloride solution, and water then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness to afford 3-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (5.8 g, 84% yield) as an amorphous white solid. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.14 minutes, 247 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 9.23 (d, 1H), 8.27 (dd, 1H), 7.33 (d, 1H), 2.63 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.3 (s).

Step 3: Preparation of 3-[6-(bromomethyl)-3-pyridyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

A solution of 3-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4.4 g, 19 mmol), AIBN (0.32 g, 1.9 mmol), and tetrachloromethane (38 mL) under argon was heated to 65° C. NBS (3.11 g, 17.1 mmol) was added portionwise and the reaction mixture stirred at 65° C. for 5 h and then a second equivalent of NBS (3.11 g, 17.1 mmol) and stirring continued overnight. The mixture was cooled to 25° C. then diluted with dichloromethane and water after which the layers were separated. The succinimide by-product was filtrated off, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford a brown gum. This crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 100:0 to 4:1) to afford 3-[6-(bromomethyl)-3-pyridyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole as a white solid (5.9 g, 37% yield. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.01 minutes, 308 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 9.30 (d, 1H), 8.40 (dd, 1H), 7.63 (d, 1H), 4.62 (s, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: −65.2 (s).

Step 4: Preparation of N-methoxy-1-[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-pyridyl]methanamine

A solution of O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.4 g, 52 mmol) in dichloromethane (26 mL) was treated dropwise with DIPEA (10.3 mL, 58 mmol) followed by a solution of 33-[6-(bromomethyl)-3-pyridyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (2 g, 6.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL). After 18 h, additional equivalents O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.4 g, 52 mmol) and DIPEA (10.3 mL, 58 mmol) were introduced and the reaction was heated atr 40° C. for 48 hr. of water was introduced (50 mL) and the reaction contents were extracted twice with dichloromethane and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. The resultant residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 1:1) to afford 1-[2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-methanamine as a pale yellow solid (1.4 g, 79% yield). LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.87 minutes, 275 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 9.31 (s, 1H), 8.37 (d, 1H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 6.42 (brs, 1H), 4.24 (s, 2H), 3.56 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.25 (s).

Step 5: Preparation of N-methoxy-N-[[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-pyridyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide

A clear solution of N-methoxy-1-[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-pyridyl]methanamine (0.10 g, 0.36 mmol) and DCM (2 mL) cooled to 0° C. was treated with triethylamine (0.10 mL, 0.73 mmol) followed by cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (38 mg, 0.36 mmol). After 2 hr, isolute was added to the reaction mixture and volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 99:1 to 1:1) to afford N-methoxy-N-[[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-pyridyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (212 mg, 98% yield) as a colourless oil. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.16 minutes, 448 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.54 (m, 1H), 7.40 (m, 4H), 5.14 (brs, 2H), 3.52 (brs, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.21 (s), −131.98 (s), −141.10 (s).

Example 13: This Example Illustrates the Preparation methyl N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]carbamate (Compound 2.3 of Table T2)

To a solution of N-methoxy-1-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methanamine (0.10 g, 0.37 mmol) in DCM (1.2 mL) was added methyl chloroformate (0.06 mL, 0.732 mmol) and triethylamine (0.10 mL, 0.73 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h 30 min at room temperature after which time the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was purified by combiflash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 1:0 to 1:1) give methyl N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]carbamate (0.105 g, 87% Yield) as a yellow oil. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.06 minutes, 332 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.04 (d, 2H), 7.42 (d, 2H), 4.64 (s, 2H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 3.57 (s, 3H).

¹⁹F NMR (400 MHz, CDC₃) δ ppm: −65.33 (s).

Example 14: Preparation of N-isopropyl-N-[2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (Compound 1.810 of Table T1)

Step 1: Preparation of 4-(2-bromoethyl)-N′-hydroxy-benzamidine

To a stirring solution of 4-(2-bromoethyl)benzonitrile (5 g, 24 mmol) in ethanol (80 mL) was added at room temperature triethylamine (15 mL, 110 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.3 g, 48 mmol). After 6 hours the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound as crude solid that was used without further purification.

Step 2: Preparation of 3-[4-(2-bromoethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole

To a stirring suspension of crude 4-(2-bromoethyl)-N′-hydroxy-benzamidine (24 mmol) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (150 mL) was added TFAA (10 mL, 71 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours and then diluted with water (100 mL), followed by extraction with EtOAc.

The organic layers were separated, washed successively with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and water, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The crude residue was subject to flash chromatography over silicagel(cyclohexane/EtOAc eluent gradient 95:5) to afford 3-[4-(2-bromoethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4.93 g, 65% yield) as white solid m.p 39-40° C. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.19 minutes, mass not detected.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.07 (d, 2H), 7.37 (d, 2H), 3.61 (t, 2H), 3.25 (t, 2H).

Step 3: Preparation of N-[2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethyl]propan-2-amine

To a stirring solution of 3-[4-(2-bromoethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1.5 g, 4.40 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added dropwise N-ethyl-N-isopropyl-propan-2-amine (0.76 mL, 4.40 mmol) at room temperature followed by the addition of isopropylamine (9.2 mL, 110 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 37 hours then poured into water and extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 98:2 to 95:5) to give N-[2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethyl]propan-2-amine (530 mg, 44% yield) as a clear oil. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=0.75 minutes, minutes, 300.5 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.05 (d, 2H), 7.37 (d, 2H), 2.91 (m, 4H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 1.06 (d, 6H).

Step 4: Preparation of N-isopropyl-N-[2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide

To a stirring suspension of N-[2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethyl]propan-2-amine (0.075 g, 0.25 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen was added triethylamine (0.04 mL, 0.30 mmol) at 0° C. followed by cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride (0.024 mL, 0.26 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 17 hours, poured into water, and extracted twice with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resultant crude residue was subjected to flash chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane:EtOAc eluent gradient 3:1 to 2:1) to afford N-isopropyl-N-[2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]ethyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (89 mg, 96% yield) as a white solid. LC/MS (Method A) retention time=1.17 minutes, minutes, 368.5 (M+H).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 8.06 (m, 2H), 7.38 (m, 2H), 4.79 (m, 0.5H), 4.47 (m, 0.5H), 3.58 (m, 1H), 3.40 (m, 1H), 3.05 (m, 1H), 2.95 (m, 1H), 1.76 (m, 1H), 1.29 (m, 3H), 1.13 (d, 3H), 1.04 (m, 1H), 0.83 (m, 2H).

The following procedure was used in a combinatorial fashion using appropriate building blocks (compounds (11) and (III)) to provide the compounds of Formula (I) wherein R⁸ is —C(O)R⁹. The compounds prepared via the following combinatorial protocol were analyzed using LC/MS Method B.

By way of exemplification, acid derivatives of formula (III) (0.0375 mmol in 375 μL DMA) were transferred to a 96 slot deep well plate (DWP96) containing the [4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]aryl]methanamine derivative of formula (II) (0.03 mmol) and DIPEA (0.09 mmol) in 250 μL DMA, followed by the addition of BOP—Cl (0.06 mmol) dissolved in DMA (250 μL). The DWP was sealed and stirred at 50° C. for 18 hours. The solvent was removed under a stream of nitrogen. The resultant crude residues were solubilized in a mixture of MeOH (250 μL) and DMA (500 μL) and directly submitted for preparative LC/MS purification which provided the compounds of formula (I) in 10-85% yields.

Alternatively, the following procedures (protocol A and protocol B) were used in a combinatorial fashion using appropriate building blocks (compounds (II) and (IV)) to provide the compounds of Formula (I) wherein R⁸ is —C(O)OR¹⁰ or —C(O)NR¹¹R¹². The compounds prepared via the following combinatorial protocol were analyzed using LC/MS Method B.

Protocol A: Portions of triphosgene (6 mg) in DCE (0.3 mL) were transferred at 0° C. to a 96 slot deep well plate (DWP96) containing the alcohol derivative [HOR¹⁰] or amine derivative [HN(R¹¹)R¹²] of formula (IV) (0.05 mmol) and triethylamine (0.12 mmol) in 200 μL DMA. The reaction mixtures were stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. [4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]aryl]methanamine derivatives of formula (II) (0.05 mmol) and triethylamine (0.12 mmol) in 200 μL DMA were added. The DWP was sealed and stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. DCE was removed under the Barkey station. The crude residues were solubilized in a mixture of MeOH (200 μL) and DMA (600 μL) and directly submitted for preparative LC/MS purification which provided the compounds of formula (I) in 3-45% yields.

Protocol B: The alcohol derivative [HOR¹⁰] or amine derivative [HNR¹¹R¹²] of formula (IV) (0.05 mmol) and DIPEA (0.25 mmol) in 300 μL DMA were transferred at room temperature to a 96 slot deep well plate (DWP96). CDI (0.10 mmol) in DMA (300 μL) was added and stirred until solubilization. [4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]aryl]methanamine derivatives of formula (II) (0.05 mmol) and triethylamine (0.12 mmol) in 200 μL DMA were added. The DWP was sealed and stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The DCE was removed under the Barkey station. The crude residues were solubilized in a mixture of MeOH (200 μL) and DMA (600 μL) and directly submitted for preparative LC/MS purification which provided the compounds of formula (I) in 5-47% yields.

Where necessary, enantiomerically pure final compounds may be obtained from racemic materials as appropriate via standard physical separation techniques, such as reverse phase chiral chromatography, or through stereoselective synthetic techniques, (eg, by using chiral starting materials).

Lengthy table referenced here US20200181100A1-20200611-T00001 Please refer to the end of the specification for access instructions.

Biological Examples General Examples of Leaf Disk Tests in Well Plates:

Leaf disks or leaf segments of various plant species are cut from plants grown in a greenhouse. The cut leaf disks or segments are placed in multiwell plates (24-well format) onto water agar. The leaf disks are sprayed with a test solution before (preventative) or after (curative) inoculation. Compounds to be tested are prepared as DMSO solutions (max. 10 mg/ml) which are diluted to the appropriate concentration with 0.025% Tween20 just before spraying. The inoculated leaf disks or segments are incubated under defined conditions (temperature, relative humidity, light, etc.) according to the respective test system. A single evaluation of disease level is carried out 3 to 14 days after inoculation, depending on the pathosystem. Percent disease control relative to the untreated check leaf disks or segments is then calculated.

General Examples of Liquid Culture Tests in Well Plates:

Mycelia fragments or conidia suspensions of a fungus prepared either freshly from liquid cultures of the fungus or from cryogenic storage, are directly mixed into nutrient broth. DMSO solutions of the test compound (max. 10 mg/ml) are diluted with 0.025% Tween20 by a factor of 50 and 10 μl of this solution is pipetted into a microtiter plate (96-well format). The nutrient broth containing the fungal spores/mycelia fragments is then added to give an end concentration of the tested compound. The test plates are incubated in the dark at 24° C. and 96% relative humidity. The inhibition of fungal growth is determined photometrically after 2 to 7 days, depending on the pathosystem, and percent antifungal activity relative to the untreated check is calculated.

Funqicidal Activity Against Puccinia recondita f. Sp. Tritici/Wheat/Leaf Disc Preventative (Brown Rust)

Wheat leaf segments cv. Kanzler were placed on agar in multiwell plates (24-well format) and sprayed with the formulated test compound diluted in water. The leaf disks were inoculated with a spore suspension of the fungus 1 day after application. The inoculated leaf segments were incubated at 19° C. and 75% relative humidity (rh) under a light regime of 12 hours light/12 hours darkness in a climate cabinet and the activity of a compound was assessed as percent disease control compared to untreated when an appropriate level of disease damage appears in untreated check leaf segments (7 to 9 days after application).

The following compounds at 200 ppm in the applied formulation give at least 80% disease control in this test when compared to untreated control leaf disks under the same conditions, which show extensive disease development.

Compounds (from Table T1) 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.19, 1.20, 1.22, 1.24, 1.25, 1.26, 1.27, 1.28, 1.29, 1.30, 1.31, 1.32, 1.33, 1.34, 1.35, 1.36, 1.38, 1.40, 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.50, 1.51, 1.52, 1.53, 1.54, 1.57, 1.59, 1.60, 1.62, 1.64, 1.67, 1.69, 1.77, 1.81, 1.83, 1.86, 1.87, 1.89, 1.90, 1.91, 1.92, 1.93, 1.95, 1.97, 1.99, 1.100, 1.101, 1.102, 1.103, 1.104, 1.105, 1.106, 1.107, 1.109, 1.110, 1.111, 1.112, 1.113, 1.114, 1.115, 1.117, 1.118, 1.119, 1.120, 1.121, 1.122, 1.123, 1.124, 1.125, 1.126, 1.127, 1.128, 1.129, 1.130, 1.132, 1.133, 1.134, 1.135, 1.136, 1.138, 1.139, 1.140, 1.141, 1.142, 1.143, 1.144, 1.145, 1.146, 1.147, 1.149, 1.150, 1.151, 1.152, 1.154, 1.155, 1.157, 1.158, 1.159, 1.161, 1.162, 1.164, 1.165, 1.167, 1.168, 1.169, 1.170, 1.171, 1.172, 1.173, 1.175, 1.176, 1.177, 1.178, 1.180, 1.181, 1.182, 1.183, 1.184, 1.185, 1.186, 1.187, 1.188, 1.189, 1.190, 1.191, 1.192, 1.193, 1.194, 1.196, 1.198, 1.199, 1.200, 1.201, 1.202, 1.205, 1.206, 1.209, 1.212, 1.214, 1.215, 1.216, 1.217, 1.218, 1.219, 1.221, 1.222, 1.223, 1.225, 1.226, 1.227, 1.229, 1.230, 1.233, 1.234, 1.235, 1.237, 1.238, 1.242, 1.243, 1.244, 1.245, 1.247, 1.248, 1.249, 1.250, 1.251, 1.252, 1.253, 1.258, 1.259, 1.260, 1.264, 1.266, 1.270, 1.273, 1.274, 1.275, 1.276, 1.279, 1.280, 1.283, 1.287, 1.298, 1.305, 1.306, 1.308, 1.309, 1.312, 1.313, 1.314, 1.315, 1.316, 1.320, 1.323, 1.324, 1.325, 1.326, 1.327, 1.328, 1.329, 1.330, 1.331, 1.332, 1.333, 1.334, 1.335, 1.336, 1.337, 1.338, 1.339, 1.340, 1.341, 1.342, 1.344, 1.345, 1.346, 1.347, 1.348, 1.350, 1.351, 1.352, 1.353, 1.354, 1.355, 1.356, 1.357, 1.358, 1.359, 1.360, 1.361, 1.362, 1.363, 1.364, 1.365, 1.366, 1.367, 1.368, 1.369, 1.370, 1.371, 1.372, 1.373, 1.374, 1.375, 1.376, 1.378, 1.379, 1.383, 1.384, 1.387, 1.388, 1.389, 1.390, 1.391, 1.392, 1.395, 1.396, 1.398, 1.399, 1.400, 1.401, 1.402, 1.403, 1.404, 1.405, 1.406, 1.407, 1.408, 1.410, 1.411, 1.412, 1.413, 1.414, 1.415, 1.416, 1.417, 1.418, 1.421, 1.422, 1.423, 1.424, 1.426, 1.427, 1.430, 1.431, 1.432, 1.433, 1.434, 1.435, 1.436, 1.437, 1.438, 1.440, 1.441, 1.442, 1.443, 1.446, 1.447, 1.448, 1.449, 1.450, 1.451, 1.452, 1.453, 1.456, 1.457, 1.458, 1.459, 1.460, 1.461, 1.462, 1.463, 1.464, 1.465, 1.466, 1.467, 1.468, 1.469, 1.471, 1.472, 1.473, 1.474, 1.475, 1.476, 1.477, 1.478, 1.479, 1.480, 1.481, 1.482, 1.483, 1.484, 1.485, 1.486, 1.487, 1.488, 1.489, 1.490, 1.491, 1.492, 1.493, 1.494, 1.495, 1.496, 1.497, 1.498, 1.499, 1.500, 1.501, 1.502, 1.503, 1.504, 1.505, 1.506, 1.507, 1.508, 1.509, 1.510, 1.511, 1.512, 1.513, 1.514, 1.515, 1.516, 1.517, 1.518, 1.519, 1.520, 1.521, 1.522, 1.523, 1.524, 1.525, 1.526, 1.527, 1.528, 1.529, 1.530, 1.531, 1.532, 1.537, 1.550, 1.552, 1.562, 1.563, 1.564, 1.565, 1.566, 1.567, 1.569, 1.570, 1.572, 1.573, 1.574, 1.575, 1.576, 1.577, 1.578, 1.579, 1.580, 1.581, 1.582, 1.583, 1.584, 1.585, 1.587, 1.589, 1.590, 1.591, 1.592, 1.593, 1.594, 1.595, 1.596, 1.597, 1.598, 1.599, 1.600, 1.602, 1.603, 1.604, 1.605, 1.606, 1.607, 1.608, 1.609, 1.610, 1.611, 1.612, 1.613, 1.614, 1.615, 1.617, 1.618, 1.619, 1.620, 1.621, 1.622, 1.623, 1.624, 1.625, 1.626, 1.627, 1.628, 1.629, 1.631, 1.636, 1.640, 1.647, 1.651, 1.652, 1.654, 1.655, 1.656, 1.658, 1.659, 1.660, 1.661, 1.662, 1.663, 1.664, 1.665, 1.666, 1.668, 1.669, 1.670, 1.671, 1.672, 1.673, 1.674, 1.675, 1.676, 1.677, 1.678, 1.679, 1.680, 1.681, 1.682, 1.683, 1.684, 1.685, 1.686, 1.687, 1.688, 1.689, 1.690, 1.692, 1.696, 1.698, 1.701, 1.702, 1.703, 1.704, 1.705, 1.707, 1.708, 1.709, 1.711, 1.712, 1.713, 1.714, 1.715, 1.716, 1.717, 1.718, 1.720, 1.721, 1.722, 1.723, 1.724, 1.725, 1.726, 1.727, 1.728, 1.729, 1.731, 1.732, 1.733, 1.734, 1.735, 1.736, 1.737, 1.738, 1.739, 1.740, 1.741, 1.742, 1.743, 1.744, 1.745, 1.747, 1.748, 1.749, 1.751, 1.752, 1.753, 1.754, 1.756, 1.757, 1.758, 1.759, 1.760, 1.761, 1.762, 1.763, 1.764, 1.765, 1.766, 1.767, 1.768, 1.769, 1.770, 1.771, 1.772, 1.773, 1.774, 1.775, 1.776, 1.777, 1.778, 1.779, 1.781, 1.782, 1.783, 1.784, 1.785, 1.786, 1.787, 1.788, 1.789, 1.790, 1.791, 1.792, 1.793, 1.794, 1.795 and 1.810.

Compounds (from Table T2) 2.1, 2.4, 2.6, 2.7, 2.14, 2.16, 2.21, 2.22, 2.24, and 2.25.

Compounds (from Table T3) 3.11, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22, 3.23, 3.24, 3.25, 3.26, 3.28, 3.29, 3.30, 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.35, 3.36, 3.37, 3.38, 3.39, 3.40, 3.41, 3.42, 3.43, 3.44, 3.45, 3.46, 3.47, 3.48, 3.49, 3.50, 3.51, 3.52, 3.53, 3.54, 3.55, 3.56, 3.57, 3.58, 3.59, 3.60, 3.61, 3.62, 3.63, 3.64, 3.65, 3.66, 3.67, 3.68, 3.69, 3.70, 3.71, 3.72, 3.73, 3.74, 3.75, 3.76, 3.77, 3.78, 3.79, 3.80, 3.81, 3.82, 3.83, 3.84, 3.85, 3.86, 3.87, 3.88, 3.89, 3.90, 3.91, 3.92, 3.93, 3.94, 3.95, 3.96, 3.97, 3.98, 3.99, 3.101, 3.102, and 3.103.

Fungicidal Activity Against Puccinia recondita f. Sp. Tritici/Wheat/Leaf Disc Curative (Brown Rust)

Wheat leaf segments cv. Kanzler are placed on agar in multiwell plates (24-well format). The leaf segments are then inoculated with a spore suspension of the fungus. Plates were stored in darkness at 19° C. and 75% relative humidity. The formulated test compound diluted in water was applied 1 day after inoculation. The leaf segments were incubated at 19° C. and 75% relative humidity under a light regime of 12 hours light/12 hours darkness in a climate cabinet and the activity of a compound was assessed as percent disease control compared to untreated when an appropriate level of disease damage appears in untreated check leaf segments (6 to 8 days after application).

The following compounds at 200 ppm in the applied formulation give at least 80% disease control in this test when compared to untreated control leaf disks under the same conditions, which show extensive disease development.

Compounds (from Table T1) 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.19, 1.20, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, 1.25, 1.26, 1.27, 1.28, 1.29, 1.30, 1.31, 1.32, 1.34, 1.35, 1.36, 1.37, 1.38, 1.40, 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.50, 1.52, 1.53, 1.54, 1.57, 1.59, 1.64, 1.71, 1.77, 1.81, 1.83, 1.86, 1.87, 1.89, 1.91, 1.92, 1.95, 1.97, 1.99, 1.100, 1.101, 1.102, 1.103, 1.104, 1.106, 1.109, 1.110, 1.111, 1.112, 1.114, 1.115, 1.117, 1.118, 1.119, 1.121, 1.122, 1.123, 1.124, 1.125, 1.126, 1.127, 1.128, 1.129, 1.130, 1.131, 1.132, 1.134, 1.136, 1.137, 1.138, 1.139, 1.145, 1.146, 1.147, 1.149, 1.150, 1.151, 1.153, 1.154, 1.155, 1.157, 1.159, 1.160, 1.161, 1.162, 1.164, 1.165, 1.167, 1.168, 1.169, 1.170, 1.171, 1.172, 1.173, 1.175, 1.176, 1.177, 1.178, 1.180, 1.181, 1.182, 1.183, 1.185, 1.187, 1.188, 1.189, 1.191, 1.192, 1.194, 1.196, 1.199, 1.200, 1.201, 1.202, 1.204, 1.206, 1.207, 1.210, 1.215, 1.216, 1.217, 1.223, 1.225, 1.226, 1.227, 1.229, 1.230, 1.233, 1.235, 1.237, 1.242, 1.243, 1.244, 1.245, 1.248, 1.249, 1.253, 1.259, 1.260, 1.264, 1.266, 1.270, 1.273, 1.275, 1.276, 1.279, 1.280, 1.308, 1.309, 1.314, 1.315, 1.316, 1.317, 1.323, 1.324, 1.325, 1.326, 1.327, 1.328, 1.329, 1.330, 1.331, 1.332, 1.333, 1.334, 1.335, 1.336, 1.337, 1.339, 1.340, 1.341, 1.344, 1.345, 1.346, 1.347, 1.348, 1.349, 1.350, 1.351, 1.353, 1.355, 1.356, 1.357, 1.358, 1.359, 1.360, 1.361, 1.362, 1.363, 1.364, 1.365, 1.366, 1.368, 1.369, 1.370, 1.371, 1.372, 1.373, 1.374, 1.375, 1.377, 1.378, 1.379, 1.383, 1.384, 1.387, 1.388, 1.389, 1.390, 1.391, 1.392, 1.395, 1.396, 1.398, 1.399, 1.400, 1.401, 1.402, 1.403, 1.404, 1.406, 1.407, 1.408, 1.411, 1.412, 1.415, 1.417, 1.421, 1.422, 1.426, 1.427, 1.431, 1.432, 1.433, 1.434, 1.435, 1.438, 1.442, 1.443, 1.444, 1.445, 1.446, 1.447, 1.448, 1.450, 1.451, 1.452, 1.455, 1.456, 1.457, 1.458, 1.459, 1.460, 1.463, 1.465, 1.466, 1.467, 1.468, 1.469, 1.472, 1.473, 1.474, 1.476, 1.477, 1.478, 1.479, 1.480, 1.481, 1.483, 1.484, 1.485, 1.486, 1.487, 1.488, 1.489, 1.490, 1.491, 1.492, 1.493, 1.494, 1.495, 1.496, 1.497, 1.498, 1.499, 1.500, 1.501, 1.502, 1.503, 1.504, 1505, 1.506, 1.507, 1.508, 1.509, 1.510, 1.511, 1.512, 1.513, 1.514, 1.515, 1.516, 1.517, 1.518, 1.519, 1.520, 1.521, 1.522, 1.523, 1.524, 1.525, 1.526, 1.527, 1.528, 1.529, 1.530, 1.531, 1.532, 1.563, 1.564, 1.566, 1.567, 1.568, 1.569, 1.570, 1.571, 1.573, 1.574, 1.575, 1.577, 1.578, 1.579, 1.580, 1.582, 1.583, 1.584, 1.585, 1.586, 1.587, 1.589, 1.590, 1.591, 1.592, 1.593, 1.594, 1.595, 1.596, 1.597, 1.599, 1.600, 1.603, 1.604, 1.605, 1.606, 1.607, 1.608, 1.609, 1.610, 1.611, 1.612, 1.613, 1.614, 1.615, 1.617, 1.618, 1.620, 1.621, 1.622, 1.623, 1.624, 1.625, 1.626, 1.629, 1.631, 1.640, 1.651, 1.652, 1.654, 1.655, 1.656, 1.658, 1.659, 1.660, 1.661, 1.662, 1.663, 1.664, 1.665, 1.666, 1.667, 1.668, 1.669, 1.670, 1.671, 1.673, 1.674, 1.675, 1.676, 1.677, 1.678, 1.679, 1.680, 1.681, 1.682, 1.683, 1.684, 1.685, 1.686, 1.687, 1.688, 1.689, 1.690, 1.692, 1.693, 1.696, 1.698, 1.701, 1.702, 1.703, 1.705, 1.707, 1.711, 1.712, 1.713, 1.714, 1.717, 1.718, 1.721, 1.722, 1.723, 1.724, 1.725, 1.726, 1.727, 1.731, 1.732, 1.738, 1.739, 1.740, 1.741, 1.742, 1.743, 1.744, 1.745, 1.747, 1.748, 1.749, 1.750, 1.751, 1.752, 1.753, 1.756, 1.757, 1.758, 1.759, 1.760, 1.761, 1.762, 1.763, 1.764, 1.765, 1.766, 1.767, 1.768, 1.769, 1.770, 1.771, 1.772, 1.773, 1.774, 1.775, 1.776, 1.777, 1.778, 1.779, 1.781, 1.782, 1.783, 1.784, 1.785, 1.786, 1.787, 1.788, 1.789, 1.790, 1.791, 1.792, 1.793, 1.794, 1.795 and 1.810.

Compounds (from Table T2) 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.11, 2.14, 2.15, 2.16, 2.17, 2.20, 2.22, 2.24, and 2.25.

Compounds (from Table T3) 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22, 3.23, 3.24, 3.25, 3.26, 3.28, 3.29, 3.30, 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.36, 3.37, 3.38, 3.39, 3.40, 3.41, 3.42, 3.43, 3.44, 3.45, 3.46, 3.47, 3.48, 3.49, 3.50, 3.51, 3.52, 3.53, 3.54, 3.55, 3.56, 3.57, 3.58, 3.59, 3.60, 3.61, 3.63, 3.64, 3.65, 3.67, 3.68, 3.69, 3.70, 3.71, 3.72, 3.73, 3.74, 3.75, 3.76, 3.77, 3.78, 3.79, 3.80, 3.81, 3.82, 3.83, 3.84, 3.85, 3.86, 3.87, 3.88, 3.89, 3.90, 3.91, 3.92, 3.93, 3.94, 3.95, 3.97, 3.98, 3.99, 3.100, 3.101, 3.102, and 3.103.

Fungicidal Activity Against Phakopsora pachyrhizi/Soybean/Leaf Disc Preventative (Asian Soybean Rust)

Soybean leaf disks are placed on water agar in multiwell plates (24-well format) and sprayed with the formulated test compound diluted in water. One day after application leaf discs are inoculated by spraying a spore suspension on the lower leaf surface. After an incubation period in a climate cabinet of 24-36 hours in darkness at 20° C. and 75% rh leaf disc are kept at 20° C. with 12 h light/day and 75% rh. The activity of a compound is assessed as percent disease control compared to untreated when an appropriate level of disease damage appears in untreated check leaf disks (12 to 14 days after application).

The following compounds at 200 ppm in the applied formulation give at least 80% disease control in this test when compared to untreated control leaf disks under the same conditions, which show extensive disease development.

Compounds (from Table T1) 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 1.11, 1.12, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.19, 1.20, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, 1.26, 1.27, 1.28, 1.29, 1.30, 1.31, 1.32, 1.33, 1.34, 1.35, 1.36, 1.38, 1.40, 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.50, 1.51, 1.53, 1.54, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, 1.60, 1.64, 1.71, 1.77, 1.81, 1.82, 1.83, 1.84, 1.86, 1.87, 1.89, 1.90, 1.91, 1.92, 1.93, 1.95, 1.97, 1.99, 1.100, 1.101, 1.102, 1.103, 1.104, 1.106, 1.109, 1.110, 1.111, 1.112, 1.114, 1.115, 1.117, 1.118, 1.119, 1.121, 1.122, 1.123, 1.124, 1.125, 1.126, 1.128, 1.130, 1.132, 1.134, 1.135, 1.136, 1.138, 1.144, 1.145, 1.146, 1.147, 1.149, 1.150, 1.151, 1.154, 1.155, 1.157, 1.158, 1.159, 1.164, 1.165, 1.166, 1.167, 1.168, 1.169, 1.170, 1.171, 1.172, 1.173, 1.175, 1.176, 1.177, 1.178, 1.180, 1.181, 1.182, 1.183, 1.185, 1.187, 1.189, 1.190, 1.191, 1.192, 1.193, 1.194, 1.195, 1.196, 1.197, 1.199, 1.200, 1.201, 1.202, 1.206, 1.207, 1.209, 1.210, 1.212, 1.215, 1.216, 1.217, 1.218, 1.220, 1.221, 1.222, 1.223, 1.224, 1.226, 1.227, 1.229, 1.230, 1.233, 1.235, 1.238, 1.241, 1.242, 1.243, 1.244, 1.245, 1.246, 1.253, 1.264, 1.273, 1.274, 1.275, 1.309, 1.312, 1.314, 1.315, 1.316, 1.324, 1.325, 1.327, 1.329, 1.331, 1.335, 1.337, 1.339, 1.341, 1.342, 1.344, 1.345, 1.346, 1.350, 1.351, 1.355, 1.356, 1.358, 1.359, 1.360, 1.361, 1.363, 1.365, 1.368, 1.369, 1.372, 1.379, 1.383, 1.384, 1.387, 1.389, 1.390, 1.392, 1.395, 1.398, 1.399, 1.401, 1.402, 1.403, 1.404, 1.407, 1.408, 1.412, 1.416, 1.418, 1.432, 1.457, 1.466, 1.471, 1.472, 1.475, 1.476, 1.477, 1.478, 1.479, 1.480, 1.483, 1.484, 1.485, 1.486, 1.487, 1.488, 1.489, 1.491, 1.492, 1.493, 1.494, 1.495, 1.496, 1.497, 1.498, 1.499, 1.500, 1.503, 1.504, 1.505, 1.506, 1.507, 1.508, 1.509, 1.510, 1.511, 1.512, 1.513, 1.514, 1.515, 1.516, 1.517, 1.518, 1.519, 1.520, 1.521, 1.523, 1.524, 1.525, 1.526, 1.527, 1.528, 1.529, 1.531, 1.532, 1.562, 1.563, 1.564, 1.566, 1.567, 1.568, 1.569, 1.570, 1.571, 1.573, 1.574, 1.575, 1.576, 1.577, 1.578, 1.579, 1.580, 1.581, 1.582, 1.583, 1.584, 1.585, 1.586, 1.587, 1.589, 1.590, 1.591, 1.592, 1.594, 1.595, 1.596, 1.597, 1.599, 1.600, 1.603, 1.604, 1.605, 1.606, 1.607, 1.608, 1.610, 1.611, 1.612, 1.613, 1.614, 1.615, 1.616, 1.617, 1.618, 1.619, 1.620, 1.621, 1.622, 1.623, 1.624, 1.625, 1.626, 1.627, 1.628, 1.629, 1.630, 1.631, 1.632, 1.634, 1.636, 1.637, 1.639, 1.640, 1.641, 1.642, 1.643, 1.644, 1.645, 1.646, 1.647, 1.648, 1.649, 1.651, 1.652, 1.653, 1.654, 1.655, 1.656, 1.657, 1.658, 1.659, 1.660, 1.661, 1.662, 1.663, 1.664, 1.665, 1.666, 1.667, 1.668, 1.669, 1.670, 1.671, 1.672, 1.673, 1.674, 1.675, 1.676, 1.677, 1.678, 1.679, 1.680, 1.681, 1.682, 1.683, 1.684, 1.685, 1.686, 1.687, 1.688, 1.689, 1.690, 1.691, 1.692, 1.693, 1.694, 1.695, 1.696, 1.697, 1.698, 1.699, 1.700, 1.701, 1.702, 1.703, 1.704, 1.705, 1.706, 1.707, 1.708, 1.709, 1.710, 1.711, 1.712, 1.714, 1.715, 1.716, 1.717, 1.718, 1.720, 1.721, 1.722, 1.723, 1.724, 1.725, 1.726, 1.727, 1.728, 1.729, 1.730, 1.731, 1.732, 1.733, 1.734, 1.735, 1.736, 1.737, 1.738, 1.739, 1.740, 1.741, 1.742, 1.743, 1.744, 1.745, 1.746, 1.747, 1.748, 1.749, 1.750, 1.751, 1.752, 1.753, 1.754, 1.755, 1.756, 1.757, 1.758, 1.759, 1.760, 1.761, 1.762, 1.763, 1.764, 1.765, 1.766, 1.767, 1.768, 1.769, 1.770, 1.771, 1.772, 1.773, 1.774, 1.775, 1.776, 1.777, 1.778, 1.779, 1.781, 1.782, 1.783, 1.784, 1.786 and 1.810.

Compounds (from Table T2) 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.21, 2.24, and 2.25.

Compounds (from Table T3) 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22, 3.23, 3.24, 3.25, 3.26, 3.28, 3.29, 3.30, 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.36, 3.37, 3.38, 3.39, 3.40, 3.41, 3.42, 3.43, 3.44, 3.45, 3.46, 3.47, 3.48, 3.51, 3.52, 3.53, 3.55, 3.56, 3.57, 3.58, 3.59, 3.60, 3.61, and 3.62.

Funqicidal Activity Against Glomerella lacenarium (Colletotrichum lagenarium) Liquid Culture/Cucumber/Preventative (Anthracnose)

Conidia of the fungus from cryogenic storage are directly mixed into nutrient broth (PDB—potato dextrose broth). After placing a (DMSO) solution of test compound into a microtiter plate (96-well format), the nutrient broth containing the fungal spores is added. The test plates are incubated at 24° C. and the inhibition of growth is measured photometrically 3 to 4 days after application.

The following compounds at 20 ppm in the applied formulation give at least 80% disease control in this test when compared to untreated control under the same conditions, which show extensive disease development.

Compounds (from Table T1) 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, 1.25, 1.26, 1.27, 1.28, 1.29, 1.30, 1.31, 1.32, 1.33, 1.34, 1.35, 1.36, 1.37, 1.38, 1.40, 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.50, 1.51, 1.53, 1.54, 1.55, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, 1.61, 1.64, 1.67, 1.68, 1.69, 1.71, 1.72, 1.74, 1.77, 1.81, 1.82, 1.83, 1.84, 1.85, 1.86, 1.87, 1.88, 1.89, 1.90, 1.91, 1.92, 1.93, 1.94, 1.95, 1.96, 1.97, 1.98, 1.99, 1.100, 1.101, 1.102, 1.103, 1.104, 1.105, 1.106, 1.107, 1.108, 1.109, 1.110, 1.111, 1.112, 1.113, 1.114, 1.115, 1.116, 1.117, 1.118, 1.119, 1.120, 1.121, 1.122, 1.123, 1.124, 1.125, 1.126, 1.127, 1.128, 1.129, 1.130, 1.131, 1.132, 1.133, 1.134, 1.135, 1.136, 1.138, 1.139, 1.142, 1.144, 1.145, 1.146, 1.147, 1.148, 1.149, 1.150, 1.151, 1.152, 1.153, 1.154, 1.155, 1.157, 1.158, 1.159, 1.161, 1.162, 1.163, 1.164, 1.165, 1.166, 1.167, 1.168, 1.169, 1.170, 1.171, 1.173, 1.174, 1.175, 1.176, 1.177, 1.178, 1.179, 1.180, 1.181, 1.182, 1.183, 1.184, 1.185, 1.187, 1.189, 1.190, 1.191, 1.192, 1.193, 1.194, 1.195, 1.196, 1.199, 1.201, 1.202, 1.203, 1.205, 1.206, 1.207, 1.208, 1.209, 1.210, 1.211, 1.212, 1.213, 1.214, 1.215, 1.216, 1.217, 1.218, 1.219, 1.220, 1.221, 1.222, 1.223, 1.224, 1.225, 1.226, 1.227, 1.228, 1.229, 1.230, 1.231, 1.232, 1.233, 1.235, 1.236, 1.237, 1.238, 1.239, 1.240, 1.242, 1.243, 1.244, 1.245, 1.246, 1.247, 1.248, 1.249, 1.250, 1.251, 1.252, 1.253, 1.254, 1.255, 1.256, 1.257, 1.258, 1.259, 1.260, 1.261, 1.262, 1.264, 1.265, 1.266, 1.268, 1.269, 1.270, 1.271, 1.272, 1.273, 1.274, 1.275, 1.276, 1.277, 1.278, 1.279, 1.280, 1.281, 1.282, 1.283, 1.284, 1.285, 1.286, 1.287, 1.288, 1.289, 1.290, 1.291, 1.292, 1.293, 1.294, 1.295, 1.297, 1.298, 1.299, 1.301, 1.302, 1.303, 1.304, 1.305, 1.306, 1.307, 1.308, 1.309, 1.310, 1.311, 1.312, 1.313, 1.314, 1.315, 1.316, 1.317, 1.318, 1.319, 1.320, 1.321, 1.322, 1.323, 1.324, 1.325, 1.326, 1.327, 1.328, 1.329, 1.330, 1.331, 1.332, 1.333, 1.334, 1.335, 1.336, 1.337, 1.338, 1.339, 1.340, 1.341, 1.342, 1.343, 1.344, 1.345, 1.346, 1.347, 1.348, 1.349, 1.350, 1.351, 1.352, 1.355, 1.356, 1.358, 1.359, 1.360, 1.361, 1.362, 1.363, 1.364, 1.365, 1.366, 1.367, 1.368, 1.369, 1.370, 1.371, 1.372, 1.373, 1.374, 1.375, 1.376, 1.377, 1.378, 1.379, 1.380, 1.381, 1.382, 1.384, 1.385, 1.387, 1.388, 1.389, 1.390, 1.391, 1.392, 1.393, 1.394, 1.395, 1.396, 1.397, 1.398, 1.399, 1.400, 1.401, 1.402, 1.403, 1.404, 1.405, 1.406, 1.407, 1.408, 1.409, 1.410, 1.411, 1.412, 1.413, 1.414, 1.415, 1.416, 1.417, 1.418, 1.419, 1.420, 1.421, 1.422, 1.423, 1.424, 1.425, 1.426, 1.427, 1.428, 1.429, 1.430, 1.431, 1.432, 1.433, 1.434, 1.435, 1.436, 1.437, 1.438, 1.439, 1.440, 1.442, 1.443, 1.445, 1.446, 1.447, 1.448, 1.449, 1.450, 1.451, 1.452, 1.453, 1.455, 1.456, 1.457, 1.458, 1.459, 1.460, 1.461, 1.462, 1.463, 1.464, 1.465, 1.466, 1.467, 1.468, 1.469, 1.470, 1.471, 1.472, 1.473, 1.474, 1.475, 1.476, 1.477, 1.478, 1.479, 1.480, 1.481, 1.482, 1.483, 1.484, 1.485, 1.486, 1.487, 1.488, 1.489, 1.490, 1.491, 1.492, 1.493, 1.494, 1.495, 1.496, 1.497, 1.498, 1.499, 1.500, 1.501, 1.502, 1.503, 1.504, 1.505, 1.506, 1.507, 1.508, 1.509, 1.510, 1.511, 1.512, 1.513, 1.514, 1.515, 1.516, 1.517, 1.518, 1.519, 1.520, 1.521, 1.522, 1.523, 1.524, 1.525, 1.526, 1.527, 1.528, 1.529, 1.530, 1.531, 1.532, 1.533, 1.534, 1.535, 1.536, 1.537, 1.538, 1.539, 1.540, 1.541, 1.542, 1.543, 1.544, 1.545, 1.546, 1.547, 1.548, 1.549, 1.550, 1.551, 1.553, 1.554, 1.555, 1.556, 1.557, 1.558, 1.559, 1.560, 1.561, 1.562, 1.563, 1.564, 1.565, 1.566, 1.567, 1.568, 1.569, 1.570, 1.571, 1.572, 1.573, 1.574, 1.575, 1.576, 1.577, 1.578, 1.579, 1.580, 1.581, 1.582, 1.583, 1.584, 1.585, 1.586, 1.587, 1.588, 1.589, 1.590, 1.591, 1.592, 1.593, 1.594, 1.595, 1.596, 1.597, 1.598, 1.599, 1.600, 1.601, 1.602, 1.603, 1.604, 1.605, 1.606, 1.607, 1.608, 1.609, 1.610, 1.611, 1.612, 1.613, 1.614, 1.615, 1.616, 1.617, 1.618, 1.619, 1.620, 1.621, 1.622, 1.623, 1.624, 1.625, 1.626, 1.627, 1.628, 1.629, 1.630, 1.631, 1.632, 1.633, 1.634, 1.636, 1.637, 1.638, 1.639, 1.641, 1.642, 1.643, 1.644, 1.645, 1.646, 1.647, 1.648, 1.649, 1.650, 1.651, 1.652, 1.653, 1.654, 1.655, 1.656, 1.657, 1.658, 1.659, 1.660, 1.661, 1.662, 1.663, 1.664, 1.665, 1.666, 1.667, 1.668, 1.669, 1.670, 1.671, 1.672, 1.673, 1.674, 1.675, 1.676, 1.677, 1.678, 1.679, 1.680, 1.681, 1.682, 1.683, 1.684, 1.685, 1.686, 1.687, 1.688, 1.689, 1.690, 1.691, 1.692, 1.693, 1.694, 1.695, 1.696, 1.697, 1.698, 1.699, 1.700, 1.701, 1.702, 1.703, 1.704, 1.705, 1.706, 1.707, 1.708, 1.709, 1.713, 1.714, 1.715, 1.716, 1.717, 1.718, 1.720, 1.723, 1.724, 1.725, 1.726, 1.727, 1.729, 1.730, 1.733, 1.734, 1.735, 1.736, 1.737, 1.738, 1.739, 1.740, 1.741, 1.742, 1.743, 1.745, 1.749, 1.751, 1.752, 1.753, 1.754, 1.755, 1.756, 1.757, 1.758, 1.759, 1.760, 1.761, 1.762, 1.763, 1.764, 1.765, 1.766, 1.768, 1.769, 1.770, 1.771, 1.772, 1.773, 1.774, 1.775, 1.776, 1.777, 1.778, 1.779, 1.780, 1.781, 1.782, 1.783, 1.784, 1.785, 1.786, 1.787, 1.790, 1.791, 1.793, 1.794, 1.795, 1.810 and 1.811.

Compounds (from Table T2) 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 2.10, 2.11, 2.12, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.16, 2.17, 2.18, 2.19, 2.20, 2.21, 2.22, 2.24, and 2.25.

Compounds (from Table T3) 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22, 3.23, 3.24, 3.25, 3.26, 3.28, 3.29, 3.30, 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.35, 3.36, 3.37, 3.38, 3.39, 3.40, 3.41, 3.42, 3.43, 3.44, 3.45, 3.46, 3.47, 3.48, 3.49, 3.51, 3.52, 3.53, 3.54, 3.55, 3.56, 3.57, 3.58, 3.59, 3.60, 3.61, 3.62, 3.63, 3.64, 3.65, 3.66, 3.67, 3.69, 3.70, 3.71, 3.72, 3.73, 3.74, 3.75, 3.76, 3.77, 3.78, 3.79, 3.80, 3.81, 3.82, 3.83, 3.84, 3.85, 3.87, 3.88, 3.89, 3.90, 3.91, 3.92, 3.93, 3.94, 3.95, 3.96, 3.97, 3.98, 3.99, 3.100, 3.101, 3.102, and 3.103.

LENGTHY TABLES The patent application contains a lengthy table section. A copy of the table is available in electronic form from the USPTO web site (http://seqdata.uspto.gov/?pageRequest=docDetail&DocID=US20200181100A1). An electronic copy of the table will also be available from the USPTO upon request and payment of the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.19(b)(3). 

1. A compound of formula (I):

wherein n is 1 or 2; A¹ represents N or CR¹, wherein R¹ is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy; A² represents N or CR², wherein R² is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy; A³ represents N or CR³, wherein R³ is hydrogen or halogen; A⁴ represents N or CR⁴, wherein R⁴ is hydrogen or halogen; and wherein 0, 1 or 2 of A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are N; R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl and difluoromethyl, or R⁵ and R⁶ together with the carbon atom they share form a cyclopropyl; R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl; or R⁷ is C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkoxy, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkoxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, phenylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl or phenylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy; R⁸ is —OR¹², wherein R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄ alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or R¹² is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, wherein for R¹², any cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹³; wherein R¹³ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyloxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄ alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino; and wherein, when R¹² is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl, R¹³ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety; or a salt or an N-oxide thereof.
 2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy.
 3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹² is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₆alkynyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl or phenylC₁₋₆alkyl.
 4. The compound according to claim 3, wherein R¹² is C₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄chloroalkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, phenyl or benzyl.
 5. The compound according to claim 1, wherein A¹ is CR¹ and A² is CR², wherein R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen and halogen.
 6. The compound according to claim 1, wherein A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H.
 7. The compound according to claim 1, wherein n is
 1. 8. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen and n is
 1. 9. An agrochemical composition comprising a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) according to claim
 1. 10. The composition according to claim 9, further comprising at least one additional active ingredient and/or an agrochemically-acceptable diluent or carrier.
 11. A method of controlling or preventing infestation of useful plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, comprising applying applied to the plants, to parts thereof or the locus thereof a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) according to claim 1, or a composition comprising the compound of formula (I) compound as an active ingredient.
 12. A compound of formula (I):

wherein n is 1 or 2; A¹ represents N or CR¹, wherein R¹ is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy; A² represents N or CR², wherein R² is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy; A³ represents N or CR³, wherein R³ is hydrogen or halogen; A⁴ represents N or CR⁴, wherein R⁴ is hydrogen or halogen; and wherein 0, 1 or 2 of A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are N; R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl and difluoromethyl, or R⁵ and R⁶ together with the carbon atom they share form a cyclopropyl; R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₂haloalkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, C₃₋₆haloalkenyl, C₃₋₆haloalkenyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxy, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl; or R⁷ is C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkoxy, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkyl, phenylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₂alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₂alkoxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, heterocyclylcarbonyloxy, phenylcarbonyloxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl or phenylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₄alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1 or 2 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, and wherein any of said cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl moieties are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or difluoromethoxy; R⁸ is —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, wherein R¹⁴ is hydrogen, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, C₃₋₆alkenyloxy, C₃₋₆alkynyloxy, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, aminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄ alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonylC₂₋₆alkenyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylcarbonyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₄alkylsulfanylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkylsulfonylaminoC₁₋₆alkyl; or R¹⁴ is C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₃₋₆cycloalkyloxy, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally partially unsaturated, phenyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenylC₁₋₆alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, heteroarylC₁₋₆alkoxy, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkoxy wherein the heterocyclyl moiety is a 4- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, wherein for R¹⁴, any cycloalkyl, phenyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl moiety is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹⁶; wherein R¹⁶ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₂alkoxyC₁₋₂alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyloxy, C₃₋₄alkynyloxy, N—C₁₋₄alkylamino, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylamino, C₁₋₄alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl, carbonylamino, N—C₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diC₁₋₄alkylaminocarbonyl and C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonylamino; and wherein, when R¹⁴ is substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkyl or heterocyclylC₁₋₆alkoxy, R¹⁶ may also represent oxo on the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl moiety; R¹⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆cycloalkylC₁₋₂alkyl; or R¹⁴ and R¹⁵, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a 4-, 5- or 6-membered cycle optionally containing an additional heteroatom or group selected from O, S, S(O)₂, oxo (═O) and NR¹⁷; wherein R¹⁷ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, formyl or acyl; or a salt or an N-oxide thereof.
 13. The compound according to claim 12, wherein R⁷ is hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₂alkoxy, C₃₋₄alkenyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl or cyclopropyl.
 14. The compound according to claim 12, wherein R¹⁴ is hydrogen, cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxycarbonylC₁₋₆alkyl, or C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkylC₁₋₆alkyl, phenyl or heteroarylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the heteroaryl moiety is a 5-membered monocyclic aromatic ring which comprises 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms individually selected from N, O and S, wherein any cycloalkyl, phenyl or heteroaryl moiety is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents, which may be the same or different, selected from R¹⁶, wherein R¹⁶ is cyano, halogen, hydroxy, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄haloalkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy and C₁₋₄alkoxycarbonyl; and R¹⁵ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, C₃₋₄alkynyl or methoxyethyl.
 15. The compound according to claim 12, wherein R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₂haloalkyl or C₃₋₆cycloalkyl.
 16. The compound according to claim 12, wherein R¹⁵ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
 17. The compound according to claim 12, said compound being selected from:


18. The compound according to claim 12, wherein A¹ is CR¹ and A² is CR², wherein R¹ and R² are independently selected from hydrogen and halogen.
 19. The compound according to claim 12, wherein A¹, A², A³ and A⁴ are C—H.
 20. The compound according to claim 12, wherein n is
 1. 21. The compound according to claim 12, wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen and n is
 1. 22. An agrochemical composition comprising a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) according to claim
 12. 23. A composition according to claim 22, further comprising at least one additional active ingredient and/or an agrochemically-acceptable diluent or carrier.
 24. A method of controlling or preventing infestation of useful plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, comprising applying applied to the plants, to parts thereof or the locus thereof a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) according to claim 12, or a composition comprising the compound of formula (I) compound as an active ingredient. 